Fungi frequently contaminate the indoor air as well as surfaces of hospital equipment and furniture. This pose a significant risk for neonates in the Special Care Baby Unit. This study aimed to determine the rate of fungal contamination of indoor air and surfaces of the special care baby unit of a tertiary health facility in Jos, Nigeria. The study was carried out at the special care baby unit of the Jos University Teaching Hospital. Indoor air samples were obtained using sedimentation method whereas samples from surfaces were collected using sterile pre-moistened cotton tipped swab sticks. The swab sticks were inoculated onto sabouraud dextrose agar plates which were incubated along with indoor air culture plates for seven days. Univariate analysis was carried out using STATA (version 14IC). Fungal contamination rate of the special care baby unit was 20.2%. Aspergillus species (29.6%) was the most predominant fungus isolated. Most of the fungi were isolated from the outborn term and outborn preterm rooms of the special care baby unit. The fungi isolated include Aspergillus spp, Candida spp, Penicillium spp, Cladosporium spp, Curvularia spp, Fusarium spp, Paecillomyces spp, Alternatia spp, and Rhodotorulla spp. Fungi are a major cause of indoor air as well as surface contamination in special care baby unit of the hospital. Routine cleaning and disinfection will lead to a reduction in the fungal load.
Candida tropicalis exists as part of the community of fungi that colonize the oral cavity. The acquisition of the oral colonizers may be altered by factors such as pregnancy events and outcomes, mode of delivery. This pilot study aimed to determine the Candida species that colonize the oral cavity of neonates and some maternal/neonatal factors that affect neonatal oral colonization. This was a cross sectional study in three tertiary health care facility in Jos, North-Central Nigeria. Oral swab samples were collected from the neonates and processed using both phenotypic and molecular techniques. The rate of neonatal oral colonization was 6.9%. The four Candida species isolated and characterized were Candida tropicalis as confirmed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Candida tropicalis is one of the major neonatal oral colonizers. This pilot study emphasizes the need for routine determination of common agents of oral colonization to predict the impact on adult health.
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