This study examined histopathological alterations in the gills, fillet and liver of Hemichromis fasciatus in Igun reservoir (located in an abandoned goldmine area) compared to those of Opa reservoir. Fresh adult fish samples were collected from Opa and Igun reservoirs and identified in the laboratory. Techniques based on histological analyses were done on the organs and photomicrographs taken using digital binocular compound LED microscope. Epithelial lifting and hypertrophy of lamellae were observed in the gills of H. fasciatus in Opa reservoir compared to rupture of gill epithelium, rupture of chloride cell, fusion, hyperplasia, curling of lamellae in H. fasciatus of Igun reservoir. The fillet of H. fasciatus in Opa and Igun reservoirs revealed splitting and atrophy of muscle bundles. Also, parasite cyst and necrosis was observed in the fillet of H. fasciatus of Igun reservoir compared to degeneration in muscle bundles in the fish of Opa reservoir. Similarly, the liver of H. fasciatus in Igun and Opa reservoirs showed splitting at the wall of central vein, hepatopancreas and liver cells degeneration. Moreover, nucleus hypertrophy were also identified in the liver of H. fasciatus in Opa reservoir compared to vascular congestion in the central vein, bile duct, portal vein and portal artery of H. fasciatus in Igun reservoir. The study therefore concluded that H. fasciatus specimens in Igun reservoir are histopathologically unhealthy compared to those of Opa reservoir.
Contribution/Originality:This study documents histopathological alteration in the organs of Hemichromis fasciatus collected from an abandoned gold mine reservoir of Igun and Opa reservoir. The study confirmed the effects of established heavy metals pollution in Igun reservoir due to pronounced alterations observed in the fish specimens from Igun reservoir when compared to the relatively unpolluted Opa reservoir.
This study investigated the length-weight relationships and condition factors of three fish species in an abandoned gold mine reservoir. The fishes were caught on monthly basis between August 2015 and July 2016 using gill nets and traps. The results showed that Coptodon zillii, Oreochromis niloticus and Sarotherodon galilaeus had a mean total length and mean weight of 15.52±4.64 cm and 95.80±66.27 g; 15.27±4.18 cm and 89.54±63.20 g; 15.57±4.80 cm and 102.0±85.81 g respectively. Also, the mean condition factor obtained for the fish species are 2.24±0.52 in C. zillii; 2.26±0.62 in O. niloticus and 2.27±0.46 in S. galilaeus. Similarly, the slope (b) values and correlation coefficient for the three fish species are 2.018 and 0.969 for C. zillii; 1.977 and 0.926 for O. niloticus and 2.436 and 0.965 for S. galilaeus. Furthermore, the total length, weight and condition factor between C. zillii, O. niloticus and S. galilaeus differ significantly (p>0.05). The study concluded that despite being an abandoned gold mine reservoir, the environment is well suitable for the fishes.
This study investigated fish parasites in relation to limnological variables of the Esa-Odo reservoir since the quality of the aquatic environment might influence parasitic infestation in fish. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the parasite species of the reservoir due to their public health concern and their relationship with selected water quality parameters. The water quality and parasite examinations were analyzed based on standard protocols in the laboratory. The results showed that water quality parameters were not significantly different (p > 0.05) across the zones. Seasonally, mean water temperature, pH, TDS, DO, organic matter, COD and turbidity were significantly different (p < 0.05) across the different zones of the reservoir while electrical conductivity, alkalinity, NO3-, and PO43- were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Clinostomum tilapiae, Clinostomum sp., Euclinostomum heterostomum, Procamallanus leavionchus, and Lytocestus sp. were recovered in all the fish sampled. The overall prevalence of the fish parasites was 9.8% with an intensity of 2.13. The result indicated fish parasites had a strong positive correlation with certain water quality properties and parasite abundance which suggested that water quality could determine parasitic loads in fishes of the Esa-Odo reservoir.
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