PurposeThe study investigated interleukin-6 expression pattern across all stages of cancer. The research questions raised in the study were: Is there differential expression of Interleukin-6 across all cancer stages? and what relationship exists between serum interleukin-6 level and cancer stage?Methods The prospective case-control study comprised sixty two (62) purposively selected cancer participants across all stages and age range 18 years to 72years as well equal number of healthy volunteers from two medical centres in Nigeria. Three milliliters (3mls) of blood samples was collected intravenously from the participants and centrifuged after 30 minutes of collection at 3000rpm for 10 minutes to obtain serum. The serum level of Interleukin-6 was determined spectrophotometrically by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data obtained were expressed as mean and standard error of the mean. One way Analysis of variance and t-test were employed to test for significance difference between the groups and the significant level was considered at P< 0.05. ResultsFindings from the study revealed significant (P< 0.05) higher mean serum interleukin-6 levels in stage IV cancer participants as compared to other disease stages. In the same way, significant higher mean Interleukin-6 level of stage III cancer participants as compared to that of stage I cancer participants was observed. Furthermore, the study revealed a significant correlation (P< 0.01) between serum Interleukin 6 concentration and cancer stage.Conclusion Serum interleukin-6 had differential expression in cancer patients at advanced clinical stage as compared to that of early disease stage.
ABSTRACTThe transfer of stress from a deformed bar to the concrete is achieved by mechanical locking of the steel into the The transfer of stress from a deformed bar to the concrete is achieved by mechanical locking of the steel into the The transfer of stress from a deformed bar to the concrete is achieved by mechanical locking of the steel into the The transfer of stress from a deformed bar to the concrete is achieved by mechanical locking of the steel into the surrounding concrete. surrounding concrete. surrounding concrete. surrounding concrete. This interfacial bond strength be This interfacial bond strength be This interfacial bond strength be This interfacial bond strength be factor influencing the factor influencing the factor influencing the factor influencing the strength and durability of reinforced concrete structure.strength and durability of reinforced concrete structure. strength and durability of reinforced concrete structure. strength and durability of reinforced concrete structure. investigation condu investigation condu investigation condu investigation conducted to find out the bond performance of reinforcement from different manufacturer. 12 mm cted to find out the bond performance of reinforcement from different manufacturer. 12 mm cted to find out the bond performance of reinforcement from different manufacturer. 12 mm cted to find out the bond performance of reinforcement from different manufacturer. 12 mm and 16 mm diameter steel specimens from five different and 16 mm diameter steel specimens from five different and 16 mm diameter steel specimens from five different and 16 mm diameter steel specimens from five different properties and pull out test were conducted. The results showed that properties and pull out test were conducted. The results showed that properties and pull out test were conducted. The results showed that properties and pull out test were conducted. The results showed that the minimum requirement specified by the minimum requirement specified by the minimum requirement specified by the minimum requirement specified by performance of locally performance of locally performance of locally performance of locally----made was found to be better than the imported ones for 12 mm diameter, but for 16 mm made was found to be better than the imported ones for 12 mm diameter, but for 16 mm made was found to be better than the imported ones for 12 mm diameter, but for 16 mm made was found to be better than the imported ones for 12 mm diameter, but for 16 mm diameter, imported steel showed a better bond perform diameter, imported steel showed a better bond perform diameter, imported steel showed a better bond perform diameter, imported steel showed a better bond perform exhibited exhibited exhibited exhibited splitting failure splitting failure splitting failure splitting failure, (iv) , (iv) , (iv) , (iv) the lowest values of slippage were exhibited by a locally the lowest values of slippage were exhibited by a locally the lowest values of slippage were e...
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