This study examined the relationship between insurance and economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa over the period 1986-2011. Pooled OLS, Fixed Effect Model and Generalized Method of Moment Panel Model were employed in the estimation. The estimations of the dynamic panel-data results show that insurance has positive and significance impact on economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa. This shows that premium contributes to economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa which means that a well-developed insurance sector is necessary for the economic development, as it provides long-term investments for economic growth and simultaneously strengthening risk-taking abilities. The results also show that human capita has positive significant impact on economic growth. Openness and interest rate have negative and statistical significant on economic growth.
This study was carried out between both authors. Author TA designs the study and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Author OTA provided the literature materials while the analyses of the study and the spectroscopy analysis were performed by both authors. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.
The study examines the effect of remittance inflows on the effectiveness of monetary policy transmission channels in Nigeria using the New-Keynesian DSGE model. The study employs quarterly data spanning from 1986:1 to 2018:4. Four different channels are considered namely interest rate, exchange rate, credit and expectation channels. Results show that remittance inflows hinder the effectiveness of monetary policy channels. This implies the bulk of remittance inflows into the country do not pass through the financial system. Rather, the inflow is through the informal channels thereby making it difficult for the monetary authority to control the amount of inflow. Furthermore, given the impact of remittance on output gap, it shows that remittance has low persistence in the economy despite the inflow. This implies the bulk of remittance inflow is spent on consumption and not investment. Considering the effect of remittance inflow on inflation, the inflow is not inflationary. The study concludes that to better sterilize the effect of remittance inflow in the country, monetary policy authority should encourage the inflow through the financial system.
This paper investigates the asymmetric effect of exchange rate changes on cross-border trade in Nigeria. The investigation becomes necessary because several studies have reported insignificant results in attempting to establish a link between these two variables using symmetric specification. Whereas, there are strong evidence of nonlinear mean-reverting association because some exchange rate changes of the same magnitude exhibit different effects on other variables of interest. Having separated the real effective exchange rate into both depreciation and appreciation regimes using the partial sum processes based on logistic smooth-transition and exponential smooth-transition, results from the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lags show that exchange rate appreciation had a statistically significant negative relationship with cross-border trade in Nigeria. The study concludes that the relationship between real effective exchange rate and cross-border trade is asymmetric. (Depreciation and appreciation of equal magnitude do not have the same effect on cross-border trade in Nigeria.) The study recommends that policy makers should consider models that allow a nonlinear adjustment of exchange rates which may produce outcomes supporting an effective devaluation or appreciation policy, at least against some trading partners.
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