We present a machine learning predictor for academic results datasets (PARD), for missing academic results based on chi-squared expected calculation, positional clustering, progressive approximation of relative residuals, and positional averages of the data in a sampled population. Academic results datasets are data originating from academic institutions’ results repositories. It is a technique designed specifically for predicting missing academic results. Since the whole essence of data mining is to elicit useful information and gain knowledge-driven insights into datasets, PARD positions data explorer at this advantageous perspective. PARD promises to solve missing academic results dataset problems more quickly over and above what currently obtains in literatures. The predictor was implemented using Python, and the results obtained show that it is admissible in a minimum of up to 93.6 average percent accurate predictions of the sampled cases. The results demonstrate that PARD shows a tendency toward greater precision in providing the better solution to the problems of predictions of missing academic results datasets in universities.
Several biometric security systems have been implemented. Biometric is the use of a person’s physiological or behavioural characteristics to identify the individual. An example of behavioural method of biometric is signature identification. Signature identification is the use of handwritten signature to identify a person. This paper attempt design and implement an algorithm for handwritten signature identification. The signature identification system consists of signature acquisition, preprocessing, features extraction and matching stages. Signature acquisition can be either online or offline (both were considered in this research work). Online signatures are obtained by signing on digital tablets while offline signatures are scanned (or snapped) into the system. Preprocessing stage of the system include turning the image to greyscale. The grey image is further converted to binary (black and white). The image is then thinned, using Stentiford thinning algorithm. Stentiford thinning algorithm in an iterative thinning method with a good thinned imaged output. The image is finally cropped to rid the image of unnecessary white spaces. For features extraction, principal component analysis is used. Principal Component Analysis is a good statistical tool for identifying pattern in data. Features extracted from each signature are stored as a template. After features extraction, the distance between signature templates are computed using Manhattan distance. If the distance exceeds a certain threshold, the test signature is rejected (otherwise it is accepted). The design system has a FAR of 4% and an FRR of 6% for offline signatures. A FAR of 2% and an FRR of 3% were obtained for online signatures
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