Background and Aim: Despite transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) being regarded as gold standard for prostate volume estimation, concerns have been raised in the literature concerning its accuracy especially in men with above-average prostate volumes. We aimed to evaluate the performance of TRUS for prostate volume estimation in a cohort of sub-Saharan African men since they are known to have relatively large mean prostate volumes. Methods: This was a prospective study of 77 sub-Saharan African men who had open simple prostatectomy for benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Pre-operative TRUS determined total prostate volume (TPV) and transition zone volume (TZV). Following surgical enucleation, the adenoma was weighed (EPW) and its volume (EPV) also determined by fluid displacement. TRUS was repeated six weeks post-operatively to calculate the TRUS-estimated specimen volume (TESV).
Background:Transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) is the best route for examining the prostate gland because of transducer proximity, elaboration of zonal anatomical details, and Doppler assessment of prostatic arteries’ hemodynamics.Materials and Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 300 men with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) and 300 healthy age-matched controls. The resistive index (RI) of the left capsular, right capsular and urethral arteries were assessed by TRUS and correlated with these parameters: maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), total prostatic volume (TPV), transitional zone volume (TZV), transitional zone index (TZI), presumed circle area ratio, and the International Prostatic Symptoms Score (IPSS).Results:The RI of capsular and urethral arteries correlated significantly with Qmax, TPV, TZV, TZI, and IPSS. Of the three different RIs evaluated, the RI of UA showed the strongest correlation with Qmax (r =- 0.51; P < 0.0001). The RIs were significantly higher in obstructive BOO than the non-obstructive group (Qmax of <15 ml/sec and ≥15 ml/sec, respectively). The mean RI values were 0.73 ± 0.05 vs. 0.63 ± 0.04 for the RCA; 0.73 ± 0.05 vs. 0.62 ± 0.04 for the LCA; and 0.73 ± 0.06 vs. 0.62 ± 0.05 for the UA in the BPE and controls, respectively (P < 0.001). The TPV values were 52.36 ± 28.67 and 18.28 ± 4.26 in BPE and controls, respectively (P < 0.001).Conclusion:Prostatic artery RIs are elevated in BPE. Increase in RI correlated with increase in TPV, TZV and TZI, urinary symptoms’ severity, poor QOL, and the severity of BOO.
Background and Aim: Despite transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) being regarded as gold-standard for prostate volume estimation, concerns have been raised in literature concerning its accuracy especially in men with above-average prostate volumes. We aimed to evaluate the performance of TRUS for prostate volume estimation in a cohort of sub-Saharan African men since they are known to have relatively large mean prostate volumes. Methods: This was a prospective study of 77 sub-Saharan African men who had open simple prostatectomy for Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH). Pre-operative TRUS determined total prostate volume (TPV) and transition zone volume (TZV). Following surgical enucleation, the adenoma was weighed (EPW) and its volume (EPV) also determined by fluid displacement. TRUS was repeated six weeks post-operatively to calculate the TRUS-estimated specimen volume (TESV). Results: The mean EPV, EPW, TRUS-estimated TZV, TRUS-estimated TPV and TESV were 79.1 ± 62.9mls, 79.1 ± 62.9g, 53.3 ± 28.5mls, 93.1 ± 48.9mls and 69.9 ± 44.6mls respectively. Pearson's correlation showed perfect relationship between EPW and EPV with no difference in their mean values (r=1.000; P<0.001). Pearson's correlation between TRUS-estimated TPV vs EPV, TRUS-estimated TZV vs EPV, and between TESV vs EPV were 0.932, 0.865 and 0.930 respectively (p = 0.0000). TRUS significantly under-estimated the TZV and TESV by 25.8ml and 9.2ml respectively; unrelated to severity of prostate enlargement. Conclusion: TRUS underestimates prostate volume, independent of prostate size. We propose simple formulae that could be used to improve the prostate volume determination from TRUS, especially if magnetic resonance imaging is not readily available or contraindicated.
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