Background and Objective. Cardiovascular diseases are primary causes of death worldwide with well documented risk factors whose varying impacts added to the complexity in CVD management dictate the need for region-specific studies. We aimed at investigating the interactions between CVD risk factors and hypertension in Ngaoundéré. Methods. A cross-sectional survey was carried out from March to August 2014. Sociodemographic, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and anthropometric data were recorded. Statistical analyses were carried out using SAS software version 9.1. Results. 700 adults resident in Ngaoundéré for at least two years consented and were included in the survey. Abdominal obesity, physical inactivity, and hypertension were the dominant risk factors recording 51.1%, 35.4%, and 20.4%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia, tobacco consumption, obesity, and alcohol consumption was 5.6%, 8.3%, 9.6%, and 18.1%, respectively. Advanced age, hyperglycaemia, a divorced marital status, and alcohol consumption were independent determinants of high blood pressure. Conclusion. Physical inactivity, abdominal obesity, and hypertension were the most prevalent CVD risk factors, and the role of advanced age and hyperglycaemia in the occurrence of high blood pressure was reiterated. Health programs need to focus on effective screening, prevention, and control of CVDs in the Adamawa Region and Cameroon at large.

Background and Objectives: Recent and contextualized data are needed to improve hypertension management known as a major cardiovascular disease risk factor regardless of the geographical area. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence of hypertension, awareness of hypertensive status, treatment, and control of hypertension as well as assessing the factors associated with risk of hypertension and awareness of hypertensive status in the population of Ngaoundere. Methods: This was a community based cross sectional study carried out from February to December 2016. A three-stage sampling method was used for recruitment of participants. Demographic, clinical, and biological data were collected and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: In total, 948 participants were included in the study. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 46.94% ( n = 445). Fraction of hypertensive participants who were aware of their status was 36.85% ( n = 164). Among them, 39 (23.78%) were getting treatment and the control rate of treated hypertensives was 30.56%. Age, marital status, family history of hypertension, overweight, and high serum triglyceride level were identified as independent predicting factors of hypertension, whereas female gender, age, personal history of stroke or diabetes, family history of hypertension or heart failure, overweight, and abdominal obesity were those of hypertension awareness. Conclusion: The present study revealed high prevalence, extremely low awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension in Ngaoundere community setting.

Background: In sub-Saharan Africa, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy remain a major call for concern owing to their increasing incidence, gravity and associated complications. In Cameroon, the epidemiological reality of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy remains unknown in the majority of regions. Objective: This study aimed to identify the determinants of hypertensive disorders among pregnant women in a hospital milieu in Ngaoundere town. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Ngaoundere Regional Hospital, the reference hospital facility of the Adamawa Region of Cameroon from May to June 2014. Results: In total, 160 pregnant women were examined during the period of study, among which 75 recorded a high blood pressure thus fulfilling our inclusion criteria. Age (P=0.013), previous twin pregnancy (P=0.013) and preeclampsia (P=0.013) were found to be significantly predictive of chronic hypertension. Religion (P=0.004) and multiparity (P=0.001) were identified as significant independent predictive risk factors of preeclampsia, History of preeclampsia (P=0.025) was identified as predictive risk factor for superimposed preeclampsia. Conclusion: Independent predisposing factors associated with hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in our milieu, which include advanced age, the notion of preeclampsia and history of twin pregnancy for chronic hypertension, parity and religion for preeclampsia, and history of preeclampsia for superimposed preeclampsia.

Specific cardiovascular risk factors are known to contribute to increasing cardiovascular mortality in patients with chronic renal disease. However, little is known about their distribution in our population. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of anaemia, inflammation, and phosphocalcium disorders in Cameroonian patients on dialysis. Thirty-five participants with stage V chronic kidney disease (defined by glomerular filtration rate, GFR < 15 mL/1.73 m3) of age at least 20 years on haemodialysis were randomly recruited. A control group composed of persons without a history of renal or cardiovascular disease was also recruited. Haemoglobin concentration, serum phosphate concentration, serum calcium concentration, and CRP status as a marker of inflammation were determined for all participants. Anaemia, phosphocalcium metabolic disorders, and a positive CRP result among haemodialysed patients were estimated at 94.3%, 61.6%, and 77.1%, respectively. Anaemia was diagnosed in all female patients compared to 92% in males, while a positive CRP result was recorded in 90% of females and 72% of males. No significant differences were observed on the distribution of studied specific cardiovascular risk factors with duration of dialysis. Among the factors studied, anaemia was the most encountered.

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Background/Aim: The two-way cause and effect relationship existing between high blood pressure and kidney dysfunction is currently a well-documented phenomenon with patients in either category being almost equally predisposed to the other pathology. Our goal was to assess the renal function capacity of hypertensive patients in our setting. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved the determination of blood pressure levels and the collection of blood and urine samples for the measurement of renal function markers. Hypertensive patients who came for medical follow-up constituted the study participants, and were enrolled consecutively into the study from February to May 2015. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 20.0 software, and significant differences were determined at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of elevated creatinine and urea levels were 35 and 27%. Eighty percent of the participants had a decreased glomerular filtration rate (≤90 mL/min/1.73 m³), with at least 36% recording less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m³. Proteinuria and glucosuria were recorded in 15% and 8% of the participants, respectively. The mean diastolic pressure was observed to be significantly higher in participants with proteinuria (p = 0.016), and participants' weight directly correlated with systolic blood pressure (p = 0.015). Furthermore, the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was relatively lower in participants >60 years compared to those <60 years (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Renal function is often perturbed in hypertensive patients, and good blood pressure control may reduce the progression of renal impairment. Thus, a systematic evaluation of renal function in addition to blood pressure control in hypertensive patients is indispensable towards effectively reducing the occurrence of renal events and preventing end-stage renal disease.

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Objective: Blood pressure (BP) is one of the main cardiovascular risk indicators, but studies on its relationship with waist circumference, triglycerides and cholesterol are rare in low and middle income countries and even non-existent in some areas like the north of Cameroon. The aim of our study was to determine the associations between blood pressure parameters and age, waist circumference, triglycerides and total cholesterol in a north Cameroonian adult population. Method:A cross sectional community-based study was carried out in Ngaoundere (Adamawa region, Cameroon) from June to August 2015. Participants aged 20 years and above were recruited using a multistage sampling technique. Sociodemographic, clinical and biological data were collected and ® ® analysed using Microsoft Excel 2013 and SPSS version 20.0 softwares. Results:In total 948 participants met our selection criteria. Conclusion:This study demonstrates a positive correlation of blood pressure parameters with age, abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, thus the need for stakeholders to strengthen measures towards cardiovascular risk awareness and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prevention in the general population.