Motion aftereffects (MAEs) are thought to result from the adaptation of both subcortical and cortical systems involved in the processing of visual motion. Recently, it has been reported that the implied motion of static images in combination with linguistic descriptions of motion is sufficient to elicit an MAE, although neither factor alone is thought to directly activate visual motion areas in the brain. Given that the monotonic change of musical pitch is widely recognized in music as a metaphor for vertical motion, we investigated whether prolonged exposure to ascending or descending musical scales can also produce a visual motion aftereffect. After listening to ascending or descending musical scales, participants made decisions about the direction of visual motion in random-dot kinematogram stimuli. Metaphoric motion in the musical stimuli did affect the visual direction judgments, in that repeated exposure to rising or falling musical scales shifted participants' sensitivity to visual motion in the opposite direction. The finding that music can induce an MAE suggests that the subjective interpretation of monotonic pitch change as motion may have a perceptual foundation.
The aim of the study was to determine the hand-arm equal sensation curves for steering wheel translational and axial vibration. A sensory panel of 10 trained judges performed a two-step procedure. The test stimuli used were sinusoidal vibrations in the range from 4 to 60 Hz, with amplitude of 0.2 m/s2 rms. The first step was to determine perceived sensations for each frequency. Four families of vibration were defined (pumping movement, shaking sensation, trembling sensation and prickling sensation). The second step was a three-down-one-up test based on these families to determine the equal sensation level. Results showed that perceived intensity depends on vibration family, frequency and excitation direction (translational or axial).
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