In this data paper, we describe two datasets derived from two sources, which collectively represent the most complete overview of butterflies in Flanders and the Brussels Capital Region (northern Belgium). The first dataset (further referred to as the INBO dataset – http://doi.org/10.15468/njgbmh) contains 761,660 records of 70 species and is compiled by the (INBO)Research Institute for Nature and Forest in cooperation with the Butterfly working group of Natuurpunt (Vlinderwerkgroep). It is derived from the database Vlinderdatabank at the INBO, which consists of (historical) collection and literature data (1830-2001), for which all butterfly specimens in institutional and available personal collections were digitized and all entomological and other relevant publications were checked for butterfly distribution data. It also contains observations and monitoring data for the period 1991-2014. The latter type were collected by a (small) butterfly monitoring network where butterflies were recorded using a standardized protocol. The second dataset (further referred to as the Natuurpunt dataset – http://doi.org/10.15468/ezfbee) contains 612,934 records of 63 species and is derived from the database http://waarnemingen.be, hosted at the nature conservation NGO Natuurpunt in collaboration with Stichting Natuurinformatie. This dataset contains butterfly observations by volunteers (citizen scientists), mainly since 2008. Together, these datasets currently contain a total of 1,374,594 records, which are georeferenced using the centroid of their respective 5 × 5 km² (UTM)Universal Transverse Mercator grid cell. Both datasets are published as open data and are available through the (GBIF)Global Biodiversity Information Facility .
The aim of this review paper is to evaluate the putative susceptibilities of different free‐ranging wild animal species in Belgium to SARS‐CoV‐2 and provide a risk assessment of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in those animals. Since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, natural SARS‐CoV‐2 infections have mainly been confirmed in domestic and production animals, and in wild animals kept in captivity, although the numbers remain limited when compared to human cases. Recently, the first SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in presumably escaped minks found in the wild have been detected, further addressing the much‐feared scenario of transmission of the virus to animals living in the wild and its consequences. Considering the most likely origin of the virus being a wild animal and the putative susceptibilities of free‐ranging wild animal species to SARS‐CoV‐2, the risk of infection with possible establishment of the virus in these populations has to be investigated closely. The authors conclude that most attention should be given to surveillance and awareness‐raising activities for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in wild mustelids, bats, wild canids and felids, particularly these collected in wildlife rescue centres. People involved in frequent and close contact with wild animals should take all necessary precautionary measures to protect wild animals against exposure to the virus. More than one year after the first detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 in humans, the time has come to increase investments in research and surveillance activities in animals, including in free‐ranging wild animals, as part of a One Health control of this pandemic. This study focussing on Belgium could be helpful for other countries with similar animal densities and ecosystems.
Distribution de Lucanus cervus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) en Belgique: survivre dans un paysage changeant. -Le présent article décrit les résultats mettant à jour la distribution passée et actuelle du Lucane cerf-volant en Belgique. Sur la base de ces données une modélisation de la distribution a été effectuée en prenant en compte l'usage des terres et les paramètres climatiques et topographiques afi n d'identifi er les zones correspondant aux exigences de l'espèce. Les besoins écologiques et en habitat de l'espèce en Belgique sont décrits et discutés.Mots-clés: Modélisation, régression logistique, écologie, forêt, thermophile SUMMARY. -This paper describes results updating the former and present distribution of the stag beetle in Belgium. Based on these data, modelling of the distribution was conducted through land use, climatic and topographic parameters in order to identify areas corresponding to the requirements of the species. The habitat and ecological needs of the species in Belgium are described and discussed.
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