RESUMO. A terapia via Internet ainda não foi aprovada pelo Conselho Federal de Psicologia, portanto, pesquisas são recomendáveis. A possibilidade técnica de oferecer tal serviço e a formação da relação terapêutica foram investigadas. Foi desenvolvido um sistema de inscrição e psicoterapia breve, realizada de forma assíncrona. A relação terapêutica foi analisada por meio do Working Alliance Inventory (WAI). Os clientes que se inscreveram (373) eram predominantemente do sexo feminino, com a idade mediana de 28 anos, de nível superior e experientes no uso da Internet. Nas 53 terapias criadas, foram encontradas diferenças significativas, referentes ao WAI, entre os clientes que abandonaram a terapia (19) e os que a finalizaram (29). Foi possível realizar o serviço de terapia via Internet e a relação terapêutica desenvolvida apresentou características semelhantes às descritas na literatura a respeito do inventário.
Diversos terapeutas comportamentais têm escrito sobre a relação terapêutica, existindo consenso sobre sua importância, mas não sobre seu papel na terapia: para alguns, ela é vista como uma variável ou fator determinante e para outros, como o principal mecanismo de mudança. A literatura sobre avaliação da relação terapêutica demonstra que essa é uma variável preditora de resultados terapêuticos independente da abordagem utilizada. Alguns instrumentos de avaliação foram recuperados, e o Inventário de Aliança de Trabalho (WAI) é apresentado, bem como algumas formas de utilizá-lo. Também é discutida a importância de pesquisas na área de terapia comportamental relacionando resultados de instrumentos padronizados com categorias comportamentais.
IntroductionSymptoms related to mental health disorders became the background of the COVID-19 pandemic, and psychologists had to adapt to the demands, while they themselves were exposed to the pandemic and its stressors.ObjectivesTo identify demographic and professional characteristics of Brazilian psychologists in different phases of pandemic and their reported care practices, concerns, and symptoms.MethodsThis was an observational study conducted online in four independent phases with no pairing among the samples (May/June 2020, n = 263; November/December 2020, n = 131; May/June 2021, n = 378; November/December 2021, n = 222). Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale was used. The validity and reliability of the data obtained with the DASS-21 were attested to by confirmatory factor analysis. Basic lexographic and similarity analysis were conducted to obtain textual information. Prevalence of variables was estimated and compared between phases using the z-test (α = 5%). Similarity analysis was performed to identify the psychologists’ concerns.ResultsMost of participants were women and were self-employed or employed. There was rapid adjustment to remote work and more than 70% reported changes in their mental health since the onset of pandemic. One in four participants had a previous mental health disorder, and there was a high prevalence of symptoms such as anxiety, fear, and angst. The prevalence of professionals who reported not caring about their own mental health was significant. In 2020, one cluster (health) of concern was identified, while in 2021 there were three clusters (health, family, and COVID-19). The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms was high and did not change during the pandemic.ConclusionsPsychologists adapted to the demands of the population in the face of the pandemic. However, there was a high prevalence of mental health symptoms and a disregard for self-care among these professionals.
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