The dialogue between end-user and developer presents several challenges in requirements development. One issue is the gap between the conceptual models of end-users and formal specification/analysis models of developers. This paper presents a novel technique for the video analysis of scenarios, relating the use of video-based requirements to process models of software development. It uses a knowledge model-an RDF graph-based on a semiotic interpretation of film language, which allows mapping conceptual into formal models. It can be queried with RDQL, a query language for RDF. The technique has been implemented with a tool which lets the analyst annotate objects as well as spatial or temporal relationships in the video, to represent the conceptual model. The video can be arranged in a scenario graph effectively representing a multi-path video. It can be viewed in linear time order to facilitate the review of individual scenarios by end-users.Each multi-path scene from the conceptual model is mapped to a UML use case in the formal model. A UML sequence diagram can also be generated from the annotations, which shows the direct mapping of film language to UML. This sequence diagram can be edited by the analyst, refining the conceptual model to reflect deeper understanding of the application domain.The use of the Software Cinema technique is demonstrated with several prototypical applications. One example is a loan application scenario for a financial services consulting firm which acted as an end-user.

No abstract

No abstract

This report describes the second season of fieldwork by an interdisciplinaty team of archaeologists and geographers integrating geomorphological, palaeoecological, archaeological and hydrological studies to consttuct a model of landscape deaelopment for the past 10,000 years in the Wadi Faynan in southern Jordan. Geomorphological fieldwork has proaided further understanding of the sedimentary fills of the survey area, and underlined the importance of tectonic actiaity as a controlling environmental process. Oaer half of the complex field system WF4 has been recorded in terms of wall construction, surface artefacts, and hydrological features. A complex sequence of settlement and land use is emerging from these studies, especially regarding systems of floodwater farming oaer the past three thousand years. Field obsensations of wadi downcutting and preliminary pollen analltsis both suggest that one factor in this deztelopment has been considerable enztironmental change ozter the same period. Background (GWB)

Augmented reality (AR) research has progressed in great strides over the past few years. Most current demonstrations focus on providing robust tracking solutions since this is the most critical issue when demonstrating AR systems. An issue that is typically neglected concerns the online access, analysis and visualization of information. The information required by AR demonstration systems is kept to a minimum, is prepared ahead of time, and is stored locally in form of three-dimensional geometric descriptions. In complex mobile settings, these simplifying assumptions do not work. In this paper, we report on recent efforts at the TU Munich to analyze the information generation, retrieval, transmission, and visualization process in the context of maintenance procedures that are performed in nuclear powerplants. The use of AR to present such information online has significant implications on the way information must be acquired, stored, and transmitted. This paper focuses on pointing out open questions, discussing options for addressing them, and evaluating them in prototypical implementations.

As well as exerting an enduring influence on townscapes, town walls have always played a critical role in shaping the identities and images of the communities they embrace.Today, the surviving fabric of urban defences (and the townscapes they define) are features of heritage holding great potential as cultural resources but whose management poses substantial challenges, practical and philosophical. In particular, town walls can be conceptualised as a 'dissonant' form of heritage whose value is frequently contested between different interest groups and whose meanings are not static but can be re-written. Evidence is gathered from walled towns across Europe, including member towns of the WTFC (Walled Towns Friendship Circle) and inscribed UNESCO World Heritage Sites, to explore the cyclical biographies of town walls in their transformation from civic monuments, through phases of neglect, decay and destruction to their current status as cherished cultural resources. In order to explore this area of interface between archaeology and tourism studies, the varying attitudes of populations and heritage agencies to walled heritage are reviewed through examination of policies of conservation, preservation, presentation and restoration, and areas of commonality are identified.

This report describes the third season of fieldwork by an interdisciplinaty team of archaeologists and geographers working to reconsttuct the landscape history of the Wadi Faynan in southern Jordan oaer the past 200,000 years. The particular focus of the project is the long-tenn history of inter-relationships between landscape and people, as a contribution to the study of processes of deserffication and environmental degradation. The geomorphological and palaeoecological studies haz.te now established the outline sequence of landform changes and climatic fluctuations in the late Pleistocene and Holocene. The complex field system WF4 has now been recorded in its entirety in tenns of wall construction, surface artefacts, and hydrological features, as well as most of the outlying field ytstems. From these studies, in combination with the analysis of the surface artefacts, an outline sequence of the water utilization and management strategies they represent can now be discemed. Ethnoarchaeolog,t is also being used to inztestigate the present-day populations of the study area, their interactions with their landscape and with neighbouing socio-economic groups, in part to yield archaeological signatures to aid the interpretation of the surface remains being gathered by the archaeological suruey. Palynologt is shozaing that Roman/Byzantine agricuhure and mining sezterely impacted on the landscape in terms of deforestation; and geochemistry that Roman/Byzantine mining seaerelt polluted the landscape, the fficts of which are still apparent in the modem ecology of the study area.

Walled towns and cities feature prominently on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. But while a fundamental guiding principle of the WHS list is that properties are designated for the benefit of all, these historic walled communities can be conceptualised as a particularly 'dissonant' form of heritage where the past is contested or disputed in the present. Many such places have violent histories and have changed political or national allegiance in the past. Moreover, city walls, while outwardly embracing populations, also inevitably serve to exclude or marginalise other social groups. The identities of walled heritage cities are multi-layered and far from static, being susceptible to re-invention. Tensions and contradictions are also apparent in the fact that heritage agencies work in national contexts on the management of sites that are designated as an international resource, and the agendas of these organisations can mean that certain periods or interpretations of the past are prioritised above others. All these factors present considerable challenges to those responsible for conserving and researching heritage sites that are simultaneously living communities. Against this background, the practicalities and politics of designating and delineating historic walled communities as World Heritage Sites are reviewed, as are strategies for managing the archaeological resource. The paper draws on examples of walled communities inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, with a particular emphasis on Europe, North Africa and the Middle East.