BackgroundViral Hepatitis is one of the major global health problems, affecting millions of people every year. Limited information is available on the impact of social and economic factors on the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Turkey. This study, contrary to other studies in the literature, was undertaken with the aim of examining the Majority of the excluded data come from the volunteers.MethodsThere are medical and the social-economic factors affecting the prevalence of HBV. This research, while taking medical factors as control variables, clarify the social and economic factors affecting the prevalence of HBV by utilising clinical data with the use of the Binary Probit Model (BPM). The BPM estimation is a powerful tool to determine not only the factors but explain also the exact impacts of each factor.ResultsThe estimations of the BPM shows that economic and social variables such as age, gender, migration, education, awareness, social welfare, occupation are very important factors for determining HBV prevalence. Compared to the youngest population, the 46 to 66+ age group has a higher prevalence of HBV. The male respondents were 5% more likely to develop HBV compared to females. When region-specific differences are taken into account, migrating from the poorest parts of the country such as the eastern and south-eastern regions of Turkey are approximately 16% more likely to be infected. The welfare indicators such as a higher number of rooms in the respondent’s house or flat decreases the probability of having HBV and, relatively higher income groups are less likely to develop HBV compared to labourers. The Self-employed/Business owner/Public sector worker category are approximately 10% less likely to develop HBV. When people are aware of the methods of prevention of HBV, they are 6% less likely to be infected. Previous HBV infection history increases the probability of having HBV again B by 17%.ConclusionsThese findings strongly suggest that the impact of social and economic factors on the prevalence of HBV is vital. Any improvements in these factors are likely to reduce prevalence of HBV.
Background:In recent years, so many people have left their counties because of the war or social, political and economic reasons. This study aims to evaluate the applications of Syrian refugees to a public health center to describe the health care provided to them. Method:The study is intended as a two-part in regard with the mixed design of the study. The first part planned as single-center, descriptive study to be performed with health records of the Syrian asylum seekers and refugees admitted İzmir-Karabaglar community health center within one year. In the second part semi-structured interviews with three doctors who were working in the same center, taking care of Syrian patients, was planned to understand their experiences and views on this service. For quantitative data SPSS for windows 20 program is used and descriptive analysis are performed. Thematic analysis was used for evaluating interviews. Results: 891 applications were made to Karabaglar community health center within one year and the median of the applicants was 4. The most prevalent reason for application was enfections (519; 58.2%) and the number of refugees who applied for preventive care was very low ( (90; 10.1%). The number of laboratory tests was 41 (4.6%) patients and the most requested test was urinary analysis. 502 (56.3%) application resulted with a prescription, the number of antibiotics and analgesics were the highest. Doctors who provide service were not satisfied with the care they give. They were having very deep communication problems related with both different cultur and language, hard time to understand patient and the disease. They stated that there is a need of different regulations. Conclusions: Refugees and asylum seekers do not receive the necessary health care they need. Physicians in primary care who take care of these people are thinking that they are not competent and not helpful for these patients. ÖZETGiriş: Son yıllarda milyonlarca insan, savaşlar başta olmak üzere siyasi, ekonomik ve sosyal sebeplerle öz vatanlarından ayrılarak yabancı ülkelere sığınmak zorunda kalmıştır. Çalışmamızda, sayıları gittikçe artan Suriyeli sığınmacıların, aldıkları birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerini tanımlayabilmek amacı ile bir toplum sağlığı merkezine yapılan bir yıllık başvurular değerlendirilmiştir. Yöntem: Çalışma karma desende olup, iki aşamalı olarak tasarlanmıştır. İlk aşamada, İzmir-Karabağlar toplum sağlığı merkezine bir yıl içerisinde başvuran Suriyeli sığınmacı hastalara ait kayıtlardan elde edilen verilerle, tek merkezli, tanımlayıcı bir araştırma olarak planlanmıştır. İkinci bölümde ise, aynı birimde Suriyeli sığınmacılara, poliklinikte hizmet veren üç doktorla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme yapılarak deneyimlerini ve görüşlerini aktarmaları istenmiştir. Kantitatif veriler, SPSS 20 programında değerlendirilerek tanımlayıcı analizler yapılmış, görüşmeler ise tematik analiz yöntemi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Karabağlar Toplum Sağlığı Merkezi'ne, bir yıl içerisinde yapılan başvuru sayısı 891 olup, ortanca yaş 4 olarak b...
Bu çalışmanın amacı kadınların Pap smear test taramasına ilişkin inançlarını değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen Pap smear testi için Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeğini içeren bir anket aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar, İzmir'de bir Aile Sağlığı Merkezi'ne kayıtlı 18-70 yaş arası 266 kadındı. Pap smear testi taramasına ilişkin inançları Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ortalama ilk cinsel ilişki yaşı 21,67±4,5 (min:13-maks:45 yıl) idi, %86,5'i tek partner olduğunu ve %41,0'ı (n=109) hiç Pap smear testi yaptırmadığını ifade etti. Daha önce Pap smear testi yapılmış kadınların hassasiyet, ciddiyet, avantaj ve motivasyon, sağlık motivasyonu alt ölçek puanları yüksekti, ancak engeller ortalama puanları düşüktü. Ciddilik, sağlık motivasyonu alt ölçekleri ile Pap smear testi yapılması arasında fark vardı (p=0,021, p=0,006), Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği'nin ciddiyet ve sağlık motivasyonu puanları ortalamaları daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Eğitim düzeyi, çalışma durumu ve Pap testi yaptırmak arasında fark yoktu (p>0,05). Sonuç: Pap smear testi yaptırma durumu halen orta düzeydedir ve engeller bulunmaktadır. Aile hekimleri için Pap smear testini engelleyen nedenlerin ortadan kaldırılması için girişimlerin planlanması önemli bir konudur.
Objective: Family planning is one of key responsibilities of family physicians; providing birth control methods, and ensuring its practical application remains important for maternal and child health. The aim of this study is to determine the contraception methods used by the individuals who applied to Family Health Centers (FHC) and to reveal the relationship between family planning methods chosen.Material and Methods: A descriptive research method was adopted for this study using the follow-up records of the FHCs. One thousand two hundred thirty-two follow-up records in total were accessed between March 2018 and December 2018, and SPSS 21.0 was used for data analysis.Results: Mean ranks provide evidence that age scores were higher for the users of tubal ligation, and this group had significantly more children than the users of combined oral contraceptives (p<0.001), condom (p<0.001) and intrauterine device (p=0.043). When all the follow-ups were evaluated, it was seen that the number of people who did not use contraceptive methods was high. Conclusion:Family planning and sexual education are associated with the availability and sustainability of resources that are crucial for healthcare. It remains important to provide Family Planning counseling to those who do not use any contraceptive method during the follow-up.
Objectives In 2018, Harvard University provided a 10-week online course titled “Improving Global Health: Focusing on Quality and Safety” as using Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) web-based platform. The course was designed for those who care about health and healthcare and wish to learn more about how to measure and improve that care – for themselves, for their institutions, or for their countries. The goal of this course was to provide visual and written education tools for different countries and different age groups. In respect to the aim of this study is to evaluate the impressions and benefits of group learning activity and educational needs after this “Improving Global Health” courses experience with an online survey among the participants. Methods Sixty-six family medicine practitioners and trainees who were among the participants of the course were the universe of the study. These young General Practitioners/Family Physicians (GPs/FPs) from different countries were organized among themselves to follow the course as a group activity. Two weeks after the course, an online survey was sent to all the participants of this group activity. Results Twenty-eight out of 66 participants (42.4%) completed the survey and provided feedback on their perspectives and experience. Most of them were female (70.4%), and have not attended any MOOC course before (63%). This international group achieved a completion rate of approximately 65% by the deadline and nearly 90% including those finishing afterward. The majority felt that the group activity proved beneficial and supportive in nature. Conclusions Well-structured, sustainable e-learning platforms will be the near futures’ medical learning devices in a world without borders. Future studies should further explore facilitators and barriers among FPs for enrolling and completing MOOCs. Furthermore, there is a need to evaluate how these group-learning initiatives may help participants incorporate lessons learned from the course into their daily practice.
Background: Massive open online courses (MOOC) is a web-based application to transform the whole world into a school environment. In this way, the quality of education could be raised without discrimination. In 2018, 66 Family Practitioners and trainees attended the "Improving Global Health: Focusing on Quality and Safety" program simultaneously. The goal was to benefit from visual and written education tools from different countries and different age groups. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits and/or educational needs after this MOOC. Materials and Methods: Sixty-six family medicine practitioner and trainees were the universe of the study. Due to the international participants; the survey was conducted in English online to the group. Results: Twenty-seven participants have answered the survey. Most of them were female (70.4%), young family physician (92.5%) and haven't attended to any MOOC course before (63%). The age of the participants were min:31years max:49 years. They do want to attend the upcoming MOOC courses. Only 2 of them didn't have any opinion about the contribution of the MOOC courses to primary care services. They feel that group activity is much more beneficial because they wouldn't be faster, more interested in or motivational. One of the half structured qualitative survey answers was "although I would enjoy a face to face work, this course is the opportunity to include countries that today are in crisis and it would be impossible to face the cost of education under another modality". Conclusions: Well defined and structured MOOC could be more beneficial with motivational group dynamics. This option qualifies the health and health education.
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