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Substantial research has investigated the association between intelligence and psychopathic traits. The findings to date have been inconsistent and have not always considered the multidimensional nature of psychopathic traits. Moreover, there has been a tendency to confuse psychopathy with other closely related, clinically significant disorders. The current study represents a meta‐analysis conducted to evaluate the direction and magnitude of the association of intelligence with global psychopathy, as well as its factors and facets, and related disorders (i.e. antisocial personality disorder, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder). Our analyses revealed a small, significant, negative relationship between intelligence and total psychopathy (r = −.07, p = .001). Analysis of factors and facets found differential associations, including both significant positive (e.g. interpersonal facet) and negative (e.g. affective facet) associations, further affirming that psychopathy is a multidimensional construct. Additionally, intelligence was negatively associated with antisocial personality disorder (r = −.13, p = .001) and conduct disorder (r = −.13, p = .001) but positively with oppositional defiant disorder (r = .06, p = .001). There was significant heterogeneity across studies for most effects, but the results of moderator analyses were inconsistent. Finally, bias analyses did not find significant evidence for publication bias or outsized effects of outliers. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology

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A contentious criminal justice policy issue in recent times has been community management policies for individuals convicted of sexual offenses. This systematic review attained professionals’ views, areas of concern, and recommendations for community management policies. It went beyond the extant literature by exploring perceptions of heterogenous professional groups involved in the criminal justice system. Of the 25 studies, 12 were quantitative, nine qualitative, and four mixed methods, and included custodial and community correctional officers, probation officers, psychologists, police officers, prosecutors, lawmakers, and academics. Overall, professionals mostly supported the policies, but had less support for public registries and community notification. Four key issues associated with the policies were apparent: problems with actuarial risk assessment tools, difficulties accessing information with partner agencies, limited resources, and lack of education among the public. Within this, four recommendations were identified. These findings offer a valuable resource for researchers, along with government and policy professionals tasked with overseeing community management policies.

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Across the last several decades, a growing body of research has accumulated concerning the relationship between indicators of general intelligence and the personality construct known as psychopathy. Both traits represent key correlates of life outcomes, predicting everything from occupational and economic success, to various indicators of prosocial and antisocial behaviour. The findings to date regarding the association of the two traits, however, have been somewhat inconsistent. Moreover, there has been a tendency to confuse psychopathy with other clinically significant disorders, which also predict antisocial behaviour. Thus, there remains a need for a more systematic investigation of the extant empirical literature.The current study represents a meta-analysis conducted to evaluate the direction and overall effect size between these traits: intelligence, psychopathy, and antisocial or conduct-related disorders. In a pooled sample of 27,094 participants from 105 correlations, our analyses revealed a small, statistically significant, relationship between intelligence and psychopathy (r = -.07, p = .001). Furthermore, we analysed the relationship between intelligence and antisocial disorders, finding a modest, inverse relationship for Antisocial Personality Disorder (r = -.13, p = .001; n = 2,151; k = 14) and Conduct Disorder (r = -.11; n = 23,171; k = 23), but a small, positive association for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (r = .06, p = .001; n = 10,362; k = 3).Keywords: psychopathy; general intelligence; cognitive ability . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/100693 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jan. 17, 2017; 3 Psychopathy and intelligence represent two psychological constructs that have been studied extensively over the last several decades. Large bodies of psychometric work have consistently supported the reliability and validity of both concepts (Carroll, 1993; Hare et al., 1990; Kranzler & Jensen, 1991; Salekin, Rogers, & Sewell, 1996). General intelligence is one of the most studied traits in all of psychology and has nearly a century of research related to its measurement, development, and etiological underpinnings (Gottfredson, 2002; Ritchie, 2015). Psychopathy, while representing a more recently defined psychological construct (Cleckley, 1941), is nonetheless psychometrically robust, and research continues to shed light on its aetiology and development across the life course.Of particular interest to the current study, however, is a more recent line of research examining the association between indicators of intelligence and indicators of psychopathy.The last decade, in fact, has seen a sharp increase in studies examining the association between general intelligence and psychopathy, with some evidence suggesting that lower intelligence scores are correlated with increased psychopathic tendencies (DeLisi, Vaughn, Beaver, & Wrig...

La violencia en prisión es un problema fundamental para todos los sistemas penitenciarios del mundo. Compromete los derechos humanos, la seguridad y la vida de los internos y funcionarios, afecta la efectividad de los programas y puede incrementar la reincidencia y los costos sociales. Sin embargo, ha sido menos investigada que otras formas de violencia y la escasez de estudios es más grave en los contextos en los que más se necesitan. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una sistematización de la literatura especializada sobre la violencia en prisiones para discutir sus principales problemas conceptuales y metodológicos. Se presentan los problemas de la definición de la violencia en el ámbito penitenciario; se examinan los principales desafíos enfrentados al intentar medir el fenómeno; se analizan las distintas explicaciones desarrolladas sobre el tema y se analizan modelos alternativos; y se cierra con un conjunto de conclusiones sobre los actuales desafíos para la investigación.