Abstract. The influence of iron oxides on the properties of unfluoridated enamel glass frit and coatings in the system of Na 2 O -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 has been studied. It has been determined that the introduction of Fe 2 O 3 additive in the amount of 0.4 mol % instead of SiO 2 into an unfluoridated glass enamels improves the optical-color characteristics of the coatings, pigmented with selenium cadmium red.
Color is an important indicator of the aesthetic evaluation of the quality of materials and products for various purposes. The visual perception of the color by the human eye is subjective. For achromatic colors, the human eye responds better to a change in brightness (lightness) of dark colors than light ones, since the relative increment of lightness is higher in the first case than in the second. Gray is an achromatic color, which is the result of a mixture of classic colors — black and white. Depending on the lightness, the shade of gray changes from black (lightness 0%) to white (lightness 100%). In combination with other colors, it decorates any interior, emphasizes its dignity. Gray color is in great demand in the manufacture of steel enamelled household articles. To obtain a light gray color, the basic sodium borosilicate system (Na2O-B2O3-SiO2) was chosen. For the experimental enamels, physicochemical properties were determined, and for glass coatings – lightness and brilliance. In order to improve these properties, the components in the composition of enamels were varied. Leachability of the best enamel was 0.11 cm3/g, temperature coefficient of linear expansion – 94.2 · 10-7 degrees-1, spreadability – 24.3 mm, gloss of the glass layer – 76%, lightness – 57%, the coating withstood the effect of 4%th acetic acid for 5 minutes without losing gloss. On this enamel, the dependence of lightness and tint of the glass layer on the amount (0.067-0.6 parts by weight) of coloring oxides (CuO, NiO, CoO), which were injected in excess of 100.0% by weight, was studied. The optimum content of the coloring components was determined. Non-pigmented glass coatings of light gray color with a delicate blue tint and lightness (60-70%) have been developed, which can be used for enameling kitchen and tableware, as well as for other types of steel articles for household use.
The paper presents the study on the identification of patterns of coloring of a basic glass matrix and enamel coatings based on it in the system R2O–ВаО–ZnO–Al2O3–В2О3–TiO2–SiO2 by a number of ionic dyes. Regardless of the dye content, ionic dyes give the same color tone to both glasses and coatings based on these glasses as follows: CuO (1.0–3.0 wt.%) =489–494 nm (blue-green), Fe2O3 (0.5–2.0 wt.%) =575–585 nm (yellow), K2Cr2O7 (0.5–2.0 wt.%) =570–576 nm (yellow-green), CoO (0.5–1.0 wt.%) =441–463 nm (blue-violet), and NiO (0.5–1.0 wt.%) glass=559'–571' nm, coatings=598–629 nm (brown). It is shown that according to the degree of color intensity of glasses and coatings based on them, the dyes are arranged in the following sequence: CoO>NiO>CuO>K2Cr2O7>Fe2O3.. The research was conducted using a special computer program COLOR GLASS. The established patterns are used in the development of lead-free glass enamels for jewelry and decorative products.
Представлені результати розробки кольорових ювелірних емалей на основі безсвинцевого скла для декоративних, художніх і ювелірних виробів із золота, срібла та міді. Досліджено спільний вплив на оптико-колірні характеристики добавок TiO 2 , МоО 3 , Fe 2 O 3 і барвників NiO, CoO і K 2 Cr 2 O 7 +CuO. Отримано зелені, трав'яні, гірчичні, фіолетові, коричневі емалеві покриття з температурою випалу 800 ºС. Запропоновано шкалу оцінювання якості емалевого покриття Ключові слова: ювелірна емаль, склопокриття, гаряча емаль, художнє емалювання, іонне забарвлення, колір скла Представлены результаты разработки цветных ювелирных эмалей на основе бессвинцового стекла для декоративных, художественных и ювелирных изделий из золота, серебра и меди. Исследовано совместное влияние на оптико-цветовые характеристики добавок TiO 2 , МоО 3 , Fe 2 O 3 и красителей NiO, CoO и K 2 Cr 2 O 7 +CuO. Получены зеленые, травяные, горчичные, фиолетовые, коричневые эмалевые покрытия с температурой обжига 800 ºС. Предложена шкала оценивания качества эмалевого покрытия Ключевые слова: ювелирная эмаль, стеклопокрытие, горячая эмаль, художественное эмалирование, ионное окрашивание, цвет стекла UDC 666.293.522
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