S S : A I We used integrated hydrogeophysical inversion of me-lapse, proximal ground penetra ng radar (GPR) data to remotely infer the unsaturated soil hydraulic proper es of a laboratory sand during an infi ltra on event. The inversion procedure involved full-waveform modeling of the radar signal and one-dimensional, ver cal fl ow modeling. We combined the radar model with HYDRUS-1D. The radar system was set up using standard, handheld vector network analyzer technology. Signifi cant eff ects of water dynamics were observed on the me-lapse radar data. The es mated hydraulic parameters were rela vely consistent with direct characteriza on of undisturbed sand samples. Signifi cant diff erences were par cularly observed for the saturated hydraulic conduc vity, which was underes mated by two orders of magnitude. Nevertheless, the use of soil hydraulic parameters derived from reference measurements failed to correctly predict water dynamics, whereas GPR-based predic ons captured some of the major features of me domain refl ectometry measurements and be er agreed with visual observa ons. These results suggest that the proposed method is promising for noninvasive, eff ec ve hydraulic characteriza on of the shallow subsurface and hence, monitoring of water dynamics at the fi eld scale.
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