The paper gives a general statement of the problem of choosing the structure of energy sources of urban heat supply systems to meet technical, economic and environmental constraints. One of the effective approaches to solve such a problem is the construction and optimization of redundant schemes of technological structures of energy sources. A model based on the theory of energy hubs is presented as one of the methods for constructing the redundant scheme. The application of the theory of energy hubs for selecting the types of energy sources allows, in an enlarged form, selecting the main equipment of energy sources, and evaluating technical and economic indices, and the degree of negative impact on the environment (at the level of gross emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere). A case study of modeling a redundant system for selecting the optimal structure of energy sources, considering the minimum atmospheric pollution, is illustrated.
This paper proposes a two-stage approach to choose the priority municipal units for implementing required energy efficiency measures in a district heating system. On the first stage the existing state of district heating system of Irkutsk region (Eastern Siberia) was analysed. On the second stage the choice of municipal units is considered as the Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) problem. The authors selected the most valuable criteria such as tariffs, subsidies and etc. that are rather sensitive for consumers and budget. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was applied to identify the priority municipal units for implementing energy efficiency measures.
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