This article considers the problems of overdue credit debt and the creation of effective methods to manage problem debts in banks. The purpose of this paper is to study the problem of overdue credit debt and create effective methods to manage problem debts in financial institutions. Based on a combination of tools of fuzzy logic theory and artificial neural networks, an economic-mathematical model of collection scoring was built. Kohonen self-organizing maps were used to set the parameters of membership functions in the process of fuzzification of quantitative variables of the built model. Data were taken from the official websites of four Bulgarian banks for 2015–2019. The volume of the prepared sample amounted to 1000 credit agreements with active overdue payments. The practical value of the built model of collection scoring for the recovery of overdue debt lies in the possibility to make recommendations for work with each segment of the portfolio of overdue loans in accordance with the calculated level of credit risk. The introduction of credit risk assessment models based on neuro-fuzzy technologies in the work of financial institutions will have a positive impact on the financial results of lending activities of banks.
To simulate the consumption of duplicate technological tooling (hereinafter referred to as TT), it is proposed to use the apparatus of multivariate regression analysis, which provides the main patterns formalization of consumption formation value in the form of linear regression dependencies. An important difference of the proposed approach to the development of regression models is an increased degree of detail due to the use of the number of detail operations performed using specific TT sizes as independent variables, which makes it possible to eliminate the calculation error associated with the presence of passing positions in the planning period (batches of parts and assembly units ). As a result, a quantitative assessment of the constructed dependencies based on the calculation of multiple correlation coefficients, the Fisher dispersion ratio, the Theil’s coefficient of irrelevance allowed us to conclude that they are adequate to the conditions of consumption TT at the aviation enterprise. To improve the adequacy of displaying real processes of TT consumption, the developed models are equipped with a parametric adaptation mechanism. The use of the steepest descent method makes it possible to adjust the regression parameters based on incoming data, taking into account the main trends in the development of the simulated process and providing for smoothing its random fluctuations.
High quality education is one of the main aspects that enables graduates to be competitive in the labor market. Competitiveness consists not only of professional knowledge and skills, but also of different qualities, such as resistance to stress, initiative, sociability, application of knowledge in practice and skills for self-organization, just to name a few. Contributing to the development of these qualities creates new difficulties for higher educational institutions (HEI), since in order to do this effectively, it is necessary to use a modern material and technical base and involve first-class specialists with practical experience. The problems of higher education faced by Ukrainian HEI today do not allow students to fulfill their potential in their own universities. Moreover, the qualifications of students after graduation are often not good enough to meet the needs of employers. One of the ways to make the education system more effective for both students and higher institutions is a dual education system. This reserch aims to describe the model of dual education as a tool to solve the main problems faced by Ukrainian universities. The article reveals the differences between the traditional model of education and dual one: acquisition of technical skills, development of critical thinking, learning through experience, and reflection on work practice, solving problems in the work environment, and is thus centered around real-life projects. Also the study shows the approaches to the organization of this type of education, which are inherent in different countries,as well as the advantages that allow dual education to increase the competitiveness of universities in the country and, as a result, their graduates. Based on the experience of Germany, a world leader in the organization of this model of education through the analysis of its basic elements, an algorithm of implementation of concept of a dual education in Ukrainian HEI was developed. Proposed main steps that universities should take to implement dual education (such as creation of a dual education department at universities; forecast of sectoral and regional needs; search for enterprises that are interested in the dual form of education; selection of students for vacant places for dual education; signing a tripartite agreement; curriculum development to combine practical and theoretical knowledge; issuance of an order on the organization of dual education and referral of students to the enterprise during dates; regular monitoring of student work at the enterprise; control of learning outcomes) will allow them to improve the quality of skills of graduates, as well as create more effective relationships with local enterprises and the state.Keywords: dual education, university competitiveness, traditional education, world experience of dual education.
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