In the article, the proposition is substantiated that the current development of the agricultural sector is possible on condition of harmonization of environmental, social and economic factors based on the principles of consistency, balance and social justice. The paper examines the impact of the intellectual component of labor potential on economic growth in the agricultural sector. The study of the main types of production functions for macroeconomic analysis is conducted. The advantages of using the Cobb-Douglas production function in determining the levers of agricultural production growth in the context of sustainable development are substantiated. The present-day priority of activities intellectualization in the agricultural sector is proved. It is proposed to particularly focus on the use of intellectual assets of human potential for agricultural production intensification. The accomplished modeling of the agricultural sector sustainable development gives grounds for an optimistic forecast as to increasing the resource potential of agricultural production due to a growth in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of labor potential.
The aim of the article is to assess the impact of various factors (forms of capital) on the formation of gross value added and gross output of the agricultural sector of Ukraine’s economy under sustainable development using the modified Cobb-Douglas production function. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study consisted of the papers on economic growth, sustainable development and forecasting by scientists in classical and modern economics. A monographic method was used to cover the scientists’ views on the research issue. The parameters of the production function describing how variables (physical and human capital, pollutant emissions) act on gross value added and gross output of the agricultural sector of Ukraine were estimated on the basis of the modified Cobb-Douglas production function. Statistics for agriculture covering the period 2008-2018 were used for the assessment. The correlation and regression analysis was used to determine and verify the parameters of the production function. Equations of balance and construction of isoquants were used to foresight the optimal combinations of factors of the production function. Results. Using the Cobb-Douglas production function, econometric analysis with eco-socio-economic factors has shown that economic growth in agriculture is associated with improved quantitative and qualitative characteristics of labour potential, growing capital investment and reducing pollutant emissions. Estimation of the elasticity coefficients of the constructed Cobb-Douglas function (the sum exceeds 1) justifies that the economic development of agriculture mainly contains the features of a large-scale economy: modern level of science and technology provides advantageous expanding production to increase output. Practical significance. The constructed models allow to forecast assessment of the development of the agricultural sector’s components and can be used to develop the basic directions of the state agricultural policy to manage the formation and use of resource potential. Value/originality. Modelling how the resource factors act on output using the method of construction and calculation of parameters of the production function allows to predict the sustainable development of agricultural production under quantitative and qualitative changes in the use of labour and capital, as well as environmental factors. Further research ensures obtaining a dynamic multi-factor model of sustainable development of the agricultural sector and determining the main mechanisms of influence on the levers of economic growth.
Relevance in the research topic. Recovery of Ukraine, overcoming consequences of hostilities on its territory, national security and defense capability issues solution are relevant today. Therefore, it is possible to solve logistical and infrastructure problems precisely by inland water transport and its infrastructure modernization, expanded network of river ports and higher efficiency of their facilities, encouragement of private investments attraction, and inducement of inland water transport development. Problem statement. There is a need to build logistics management system for navigable inland waterways in the South of Ukraine, namely the "Danube - Black Sea" (Bystre rivermouth) to expand the use of Reni, Izmail and Ust-Dunaysk ports. Analysis of recent research and publications. Key publication analysis reveal that river logistics development issues are considered by many researchers. So research works of Krčum, M., Plazibat V., Gorana J. M., Wójcikiewicza R., Kaupb M., Nowakowski T., Kulczyk J., Skupień E. & Tubis A., Kolář J. & Stopka, O., Krile S. are focused on certain national problem-solving. For example: the Croatian transport system and the ways of sea and river ports integration, peculiarities of inland water transport in Szczecin (Poland), determinants of Lower Vistula river ports transformation, the location of port`s multimodal logistics center at the Labe River (Elbe), the development of inland water transport market, as well as the strengthening of European cooperation in the field of inland water transport, etc. Unsolved parts of the general problem. Taking into account the importance of shipping revival at the Danube River for Ukraine, it is advisable to study the waterways and the possibilities to increase Izmail, Reni and Ust-Dunaysk seaports efficiency. Study task and objective. The following scientific tasks will be solved aimed at their practical implementation: current position and dynamics analysis of Izmail port development; predictive modelling of opportunities and conditions for its performance improvement while solving war transport problems and in the context of post-war recovery of Ukraine. Research method and methodology. While doing the research, general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, group analysis) and special (abstraction, modelling, etc.) methods of studying economic phenomena and processes have been used. The main material (study results). Ukraine belongs to the largest European countries with a strong potential for the development of inland waterways and river transport. Nevertheless the industry of river freight and passenger transportation has been gradually deteriorating its performance for more than twenty years. When the war started and the maritime territory was occupied, significant amount of the country's infrastructure (roads, bridges, railways) was destroyed, the river transport supported transport logistics needs not only of Ukraine, but also of other countries. Intensification of the Danube (Bystre rivermouth) navigation and of Reni, Izmail and Ust-Dunaysk sea ports activity played an important role in this. Analysis of SE "Izmail Commercial Sea Port" performance revealed lower port's efficiency during recent years. Significant positive changes took place in 2022. The cargo handling volume of Izmail port in 2021 was 3.84 million tons, and in 2022 - 8.89 million tons. Thus, according to 2022 results, Izmail port exceeded 2021 indicators by 218%. The total cargo handling volume of Izmail sea port in February 2023 was 1 million 345 thousand tons, i.e. 24% more than in January 2023. Today Izmail Port exceeds the plan by 274%. The dredging works in Izmail and Reni ports contributed to a significant improvement in the Danube region ports indicators. A forecast was made based on the Izmail sea port activity data regarding its main activity indicators until 2026. Positive indicators obtained in 2022 have been taken into account when forecasting port`s performance indicators. As for the further increase in cargo turnover of SE "Izmail Commercial Sea Port", it will be facilitated by the planned feeder container ship work (March 2023), started from the end of 2022 between the Romanian Port Constanța and the Ukrainian Reni port. The service of feeder container ship work based on SE "Izmail Commercial Sea Port" and Port Constanța facilities will receive Arkas, ZIM, Maersk, Hapag-Lloyd, SMA and others lines containers. The containers will follow in the transshipment mode, that is, there will be no need to issue transit customs documents at Port Constanța. Conclusions. The study shows that Ukraine, which has a strong potential for inland waterways and river transport development has recently not been used it enough. As a result, the river freight and passenger transport industry has gradually deteriorated its performance. It has been proven that amid war in 2022, the Danube ports performance indicators have been significantly improved. The last induced cargo transportation when exploitation of a number of Ukrainian ports was made impossible. The case of current position and efficiency analysis of SE "Izmail Commercial Sea Port" proved the possibility to improve its performance indicators. According to the results of its activitys forecast modelling until 2026, the expected volume of freight transportation and the structure of the freight flow have been determined. Reasonable expediency and effectiveness of feeder container ship work en route SE "Izmail Commercial Sea Port" - Port Constanța.
The article considers the features of professional activity of scientific and pedagogical workers of higher education institutions, outlines the priorities of the modern educational paradigm. The transformation of higher education in the context of globalization places new demands, new motivational and value guidelines for the professional competence of research and teaching staff. The basis of the modern educational paradigm is such priorities as self-education, self-development, self-design. The subject of professional and pedagogical activity should be aimed at managing educational processes, designing and implementing new educational situations of a new type, focusing primarily on the development of personal abilities, not just the transmission of knowledge, skills and abilities. A modern high school teacher is an active organizer of the educational process, capable of effective work at the level of world standards, capable and ready for progressive professional growth. In these conditions, the problem of purposeful definition and justification of pedagogical conditions for the development of professional and pedagogical competence of teachers of higher education institutions, among which the formation of professional motivation becomes especially important. The nature of the motivation of a high school teacher is related to professional motives, cognitive motives, motives for self-affirmation and self-esteem. Motivational and value orientations to the professional development of scientific and pedagogical workers of educational institutions for purposeful influence on the result of their activity are analyzed. The motivational potential, the motivational complex of the choice of profession and the factors of motivation of professional development of the teaching staff of economic and humanitarian specialties of the National University "Zaporizhzhya Polytechnic" are studied. Diagnosis of motives and determination of the rating of factors motivating the professional activity of scientific and pedagogical workers are substantiated, in order to create an effective system of motivation in the institution of higher education with the possibility of using an individual motivational trajectory.
Relevance of the research topic. An important trend of the development strategy of the agricultural sector`s labour potential is the establishment of the environment for its formation, which fits sustainable development goals. Human factors of production in the context of sustainable development is characterized by the growing role of education and intangible capital. It acts as a determinant of the national economy`s and economic sectors` growth to ensure life conditions of the present and future generations. Rural areas become a kind of framework for residence, demographic trends and proportions, social interaction, gaining psychophysical, motivational and, to some extent, intellectual parameters for harmonious socio-ecological and economic, i.e. sustainable, development. Thus, the issue of levers` assessment of labour potential management in agricultural sector remains relevant at the present stage of achieving sustainable development goals. Problem statement. Sustainable development paradigm is a combination of economic, social and environmental components represented by a significant number of interconnected factors. Their comprehensive impact determines the ways and dynamics of achieving sustainable development goals. Making managerial decisions referring to the impact on each separate determinant and taking into account their interaction is accompanied by the analysis and processing of a significant set of indicators and requires special data processing methods. Solving this problem is possible when applying artificial neural networks to define parameters, which will be studied in the model. Analysis of recent research and publications. Both Ukrainian (M. Artyukh, L. Voynich, O. Lytvyn, I. Lyashenko, I. Tkach, L. Khrushchev, S. Shumska and V. Yankovy) and foreign scholars (N. Kuzina, S. Pshenichnikova and N. Suvorov), and others [1-6] analyzed the possibility of applying economic and mathematical models for economic growth analysis. The results of our own research on the problem are given in [10-16]. Works written by S. Bogachev, O. Galushko, M. Zgurovsky, S. Kvitka, S. Kozlovsky, J. Kologrivov, K. Rulitskaya, O. Sadovnik, L. Fedulova and A. Shpykulyak demonstrate their attempts to apply economic and mathematical methods and models for forecasting of the agricultural sector`s sustainable development. Nevertheless, they did not receive further development and practical use for labour potential management in the context of sustainable development. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Despite some progress in problem solving, there is a need in in-depth study of new approaches aimed at forecasting and modelling agricultural sector`s targets based on the threefold concept of sustainable development using modern management methods, taking into account environment dynamism and the complexity of positive and negative externalities. Problem statement, research goals. The above-mentioned circumstances determine the rationale to assess the levers of influence over the target sustainable development indicators in the agricultural sector. Method and methodology of research. When doing the research general scientific (analysis and synthesis, abstract-logical, generalization and system analysis) and special (generalized linear regression, artificial neural networks) research methods have been used. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The neural network modelling allowed building a multifactor impact model on the resulting indicator of sustainable development in the agricultural sector, namely labour productivity. The next factors have been identified in the model: average monthly nominal wage; energy security; power-weight ratio; number of trucks (per 100 hectares of sown area and per 1,000 employees); amount of mineral fertilizers applied; amount of applied organic fertilizers for crops; emissions into the atmosphere from stationary and mobile sources of pollution; total waste accumulated at landfills; average index of regional human development; capital investment per capita. The following parameters like average monthly nominal wage, application of mineral fertilizers, number of trucks, and capital investments significantly affect the modelling results. The proposed model allows modelling and forecasting, based not only on previously obtained indicators and their dynamics, but also, which is important in the context of sustainable development, to set targets which facilitates managerial influence not only on the end result but on the process if its achievement as well, including the optimization impact. In addition, the modelling allows to adjust the impact factors, if they are either insignificant, as it has been found out when modelling, or lose value due to technological changes (for example, energy security and power-weight ratio). Conclusions. Based on the proposed multifactor adaptive model of sustainable development in the national agricultural sector, the strategic trends for its labour potential management have been developed. The neural network modelling methodology applied when building a model provided an opportunity to take into account the tasks for long-term sector`s sustainable development while determining and dynamically adjusting priorities, parameters and levers of influence on current industry`s efficiency. The proposed model allows not only modelling and forecasting based on previously obtained indicators and the dynamics of their adjustment, but also to set targets to obtain a number of possible scenarios for system development. It depends on forecasting conditions and parameters. It does not only rise the validity of managerial decisions, but also ensures the timeliness of management object`s adaptation to the ever-changing environmental conditions. Moreover, it provides managerial influence not only on the result, but also on the process of its achievement, including optimization of sustainable development levers.
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