Because the methodology for studying the socio-economic development of cross-border territories is still poorly developed in the Ukrainian science, this study aims to highlight its theoretical essence and justify the need for statistical monitoring and identification of practical problems related with its applications at personal, institutional and regional level. Given the global market competition, the socio-economic development of cross-border territories is impossible without creating favorable financial, institutional and infrastructure environment. The socio-economic development of cross-border territories is determined by a set of indicators reflecting the capabilities of territories located on both sides of the border to produce a certain output of goods and services using the available human and material resources. The importance of cross-border statistics grows with the expansion of cross-border cooperation. Cross-border statistics refers to the generalized information on the socio-economic development of cross-border territories; it has to support the CBC-related operation of central and local administration bodies and private entities in border regions, aimed at expanding business partnerships and meeting public needs on border territories. The source of data for cross-border statistics is the statistics of border regions. The analysis shows that trial decisions used now in the Ukrainian statistics system for testing border region statistics, such as statistics of tourism, including travels abroad, are not capable to meet information needs of the regional development policy, foreign trade statistics and statistics of internal and external migration. The statistics of cross-border regions has to face the following challenges: improve the comparability of statistical indicators by harmonizing statistical surveys’ methodology, terminology, definitions and classifications; expand and improve printing and publishing activities; develop analytical work; introduce and develop cross-border surveys; construct on-line cross-border database.
The article is devoted to methodological aspects addressed in building up the framework for the satellite account of the expenditure on environmental protection in Ukraine. It is argued that any study of the environment need computations and analyses of quantitative indicators based on the statistics data. Problems of statistical accounting are, therefore, the central ones in investigating the expenditure on environmental protection. One of the most urgent tasks is to ensure comparability of data, to enable comparisons of data at all the levels in order to find output key tendencies and patterns in the expenditure on environmental protection, comparisons of figures relating to environmental protection and macroeconomic situation. The article contains an analysis of the phases of creating the European standard of the system for environmental-economic accounting on the whole and the environmental protection expenditures account in particular. The sources of data for creating the satellite account for the expenditure on environmental protection in Ukraine, and the indicators included in the EU questionnaire designed to collect data on national expenditures on environmental protection are highlighted. It is demonstrated that data from many sources are used to build the satellite account for the expenditure on environmental protection. It is mentioned that by now Ukraine has not introduced ad hoc surveys of households on the expenditures on environmental protection. Results of the study show that the main sources of data for computations of the expenditures on environmental protection in Ukraine can be the official statistical observation by type of expenditure, collected by form 1 – environmental expenditure (annual) “Expenditures on environmental protection and environmental payments”, where the expenditure are recorded according to the Classification of Environmental Protection Activities. The sources of secondary information, i. e. the data from regular official statistical observations and administrative data that are collected with other purposes and reflect selected aspects of expenditure on EP, are recommended for use when developing the methodology.
Recently, the foreign economic activity of enterprises has been characterized by a decrease in the volume of world trade, the introduction of trade restrictions and a change in the trade policy of countries. In an environment where retail businesses are forced to cease operations or close, especially after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, trading in the BANI environment provides an opportunity to increase revenue, attract new customers and stimulate a change in distribution channels. This determines the relevance of the analysis of the impact of the BANI era on world trade, and therefore on foreign economic activity. The article presents the results of the study of the foreign economic activity of enterprises in the BANI environment. The meaning of the acronym BANI is revealed, it is emphasized that one of the main factors in the emergence of the BANI era was the COVID-19 pandemic. It is emphasized that it is small enterprises, in particular in the field of foreign economic activity, that face the biggest problems in the current changing environment: they are more sensitive to changes and worse adapt to them, having fewer resources in their arsenal, and free capital that can be used for amelioration of the negative consequences of the BANI era, they are practically absent. The risks of foreign economic activity of small business entities in the BANI environment have been determined. A list of anti-crisis measures to overcome the negative impact of the BANI era on foreign economic activity is provided. The importance of innovative activity at small enterprises in the field of foreign economic activity for their adaptation in the BANI environment is emphasized. It is shown that one of the effective innovative approaches for enterprises of foreign economic activity in the BANI environment is the introduction of virtual entrepreneurship, since it is this, especially at the international level, that contributes to: 1) integration of the efforts of partner enterprises around a specific project, which is not able to be implemented by each individual enterprise; 2) expands the boundaries of a traditional enterprise and completely eliminates spatial barriers. It was emphasized that one of the priority tasks in the era of BANI is the development of an effective legal mechanism for ensuring the information security of subjects of foreign economic activity. The role of WTO agreements in ensuring the transparency of international trade relations in the BANI environment is outlined.
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