The purpose of the article is to assess the main aspects of the crisis caused by COVID-19 and the onset of a pandemic in the real sector of the economy in the context of ensuring economic security. The research methodology consisted of the application of methods of the hierarchical ordering of the impacts of the most significant aspects of the crisis caused by COVID-19 and methods of analysis and synthesis for evaluating statistical data. As a result, using the hierarchical ordering method, we identified the key and most influential factors and aspects of the crisis caused by COVID-19 and the onset of the pandemic in the real sector of the economy in the context of ensuring economic security. The study has limitations, which are that the analysis was based on data on Ukraine and its economic activity on the international market. Proposed a methodological approach to streamlining the negative impact of the crisis factors caused by COVID-19 can be used in the relevant government agencies. The novelty, which is presented in the article, has an original value, which consists in the systematization and analysis of data on the real sector of the economy for the period of the pandemic and the corresponding negative factors are highlighted. Also, their orderings were presented through the proposed model.
Difficult conditions of functioning and the severity of forecasting possible changes in the conduct of business stimulate a search for new ways to improve economic security management for engineering enterprises. The purpose of our article is to develop a methodological framework for the formation of organizational support for the management of economic security of an engineering enterprise with subsequent practical application. The subjects of the study are the activities of the top engineering enterprises in Ukraine for the period 2010–2017. Based on the analysis of engineering enterprises of Ukraine, we are in the results of the study allow us to estimate the potential losses from the realization of certain threats, as well as directly assess their impact on the activities of the enterprise. Developed methodological bases for the formation of organizational support for managing the process of ensuring the economic security of the engineering enterprise, providing for assessing the level of influence of threats, determining the optimal set of measures to improve organizational support in accordance with the results of calculating the integral level of threats, which allows planning possible costs for organizational support of protective actions as a whole at the enterprise, and in the context of the main structural units their subsequent optimization.
In modern conditions, the problem of the survival of companies, and the preservation and provision of their further development has become particularly relevant. The crisis has engulfed not only individual enterprises but entire industries. The most affected, in particular, is the engineering industry. The main purpose of the study is the formation of a risk management system at an engineering enterprise in terms of ensuring its security. To do this, we applied the IDEF0 modelling methodology with its main elements. The dynamism of the economic environment and the complexity of the links between its elements necessitate the adoption of informed management decisions in the face of risk and uncertainty of future results. Risk management is becoming an obligatory activity for engineering enterprises, implementation of projects, and operations. Based on the results of the study, a basic IDEF0 model of the risk management system at an engineering enterprise in terms of ensuring its security was formed. The study has limitations and, first of all, they relate to the specifics of the activity of engineering enterprises, other areas of activity are not taken into account. Further research requires expanding the model and taking into account not only risks but also threats and direct dangers.
Purpose – the purpose of our article is to study structural changes in the national economy using a portfolio model of sectors with different returns and, on this basis, processing the methodology for identifying the current state and instrumental factors of economic policy. Research methodology – the methodology of empirical research includes methods of grouping, abstraction, comparison, systems analysis, synthesis and generalization, graphical methods and regression analysis. To analyze the nature of the relationship between the index of structural changes and the dynamics of GDP, which determines the comparative profitability of the resource and non-resource sectors and the current position of the current structure relative to the equilibrium value, we used error-corrected models (ECMs). Findings – using regression models with error correction, a favourable long- and short-term relationship between structural changes in favour of non-resource exports and Ukraine’s GDP has been empirically confirmed. Using the index of structural changes, considering the ratio of raw materials and non-raw materials exports, the necessity of applying administrative measures is substantiated. Research limitations – the study concerned mainly the national economy of Ukraine, but in the future, attention should be paid to the application of the results of our study in other countries of Eastern Europe. In the future, the results obtained can be adapted for other countries of the world. The research was based on the use of specific mathematical methods, and not all mathematical possibilities were used. Practical implications – the model can be used in the practical activities of state economic structures In the future, it is possible to change key indicators and further expand the field of use of the model. Originality/Value – the novelty of the study lies in the development of a methodology for identifying the current state and instrumental factors of economic policy that can speed up economic growth based on favourable structural shifts (in favour of the non-resource export sector).
The current realities of domestic printing companies reflect not only market trends in printing products, but also the peculiarities of doing business in conditions of fierce competition and a high degree of uncertainty, which creates the preconditions for managers to make risky decisions. Entrepreneurial risk is a concept that has long been entrenched in the minds of economists and entrepreneurs. This concept means the willingness of entrepreneurs to incur possible losses in exchange for possible profits that exceed that which can be obtained without risk. In addition, entrepreneurial risk implies a willingness to work in conditions of uncertainty, which in itself means that entrepreneurs accept risk as an integral part of business. Increasing demand for quality printing products necessitates the modernization of production and the use of new approaches to business organization. Any transformational changes in the process of leaving the printing company, but a new level of quality, is always associated with risk. That is why the analysis of the factors that determine the effectiveness of the risk management system of the printing company and highlight the main aspects of its operation, in our opinion, is a topical issue. Identification and analysis of factors that affect the effectiveness of the risk management system of the printing company, provides managers with the necessary information base for the formation of an effective risk management system, adapted to the specifics of the printing company. The risk management system of a printing company, provided it is built correctly, is able to minimize the negative impact of risk on the level of economic security and provide the conditions for stable operation of the enterprise. The study outlined the main factors that determine the features of the formation of the risk management system of the printing company and identified the main aspects that ensure its effectiveness. Given the significant potential of the printing industry and the dual nature of risk, the issue of effective risk management requires continued search for new approaches to minimize business risk, able to ensure the successful operation of the printing company, where the potential of the printing industry.
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