The article discussed the process of future mass media specialists' professional culture development. It outlined the aspects of professional culture and defined its essential functions for the media experts' work. The paper analyzed the critical principles of the model development that help form future media specialists' professional culture. The author presented the practical experience of educating students in journalism major at the Zhytomyr Ivan Franko State University. The paper noticed that forming the professional culture of future mass-media specialists is a systematic process involving developing personal qualities and considering all professional tasks, requirements, and their implementation through forms and methods. The article argued that the process of future mass media specialists' professional culture should be considered at different levels of development. The initial level is conditionally characterized as information, where the degree of formation of the system of professional knowledge still needs to be more profound; professional abilities are in the formation stage. Furthermore, professional knowledge and skills are sufficiently formed at the intermediate level, but the ability to quickly solve production problems is developed at the level of standards. Finally, the higher level of professional culture forming is characterized by a broad professional outlook, a large amount of professional knowledge, interests, skills, a creative understanding of the production situation as a problem, and the ability to solve it efficiently, creatively, and effectively. To achieve a positive result in shaping the professional culture of the future mass media specialist, it is necessary to develop at the state level the concept of forming the professional culture of mass media professionals and create a model of their activities. Specific examples have shown that the professional culture of future mass media professionals should not be simplified into a system of specialized, highly professional knowledge and skills. The article emphasized that, within the framework of educational and journalistic activities, it is essential to create a system of conditions and means necessary for the effective formation and professional culture of the future mass media specialist improvement at the government level.
The article focuses on the study of lexical and stylistic features of television synoptic texts as one of the most common types of information messages. The purpose of the study is to analyze the connotative vocabulary on the material of meteorological texts in a comparative aspect, namely in modern German and Ukrainian languages. The study defines the features of weather forecast texts at the lexical level; identifies and examines groups of terms used in television meteorological texts; analyzes allomorphic and isomorphic features of stylistically marked vocabulary on the material of German and Ukrainian texts. The research analyzed 12 texts of weather forecasts on TV channels in Germany and Ukraine (6 weather forecasts in each language). It has been proven that the compact volume and informative function of meteorological texts require the use of terminological vocabulary, namely groups of lexemes to indicate different types of precipitation, cloudiness, temperature, and wind characteristics. Terminological vocabulary is easily perceived by the viewer, because it reflects the expected development of weather processes and conditions. The identified common features for synoptic texts are the presence of synonymy in the use of terminological units. Thus, both analyzed languages provide synonym ring for the designation of cloudiness and precipitation, the synonym ring for the designation of air temperature is revealed in German only. the German language. Due to the analysis of the synonym rings both full and semantic synonyms, as well as general language and contextually synonymous units were outlined. The study of synonyms depending on their functioning at different language levels explicated that both lexical and syntactic synonyms are represented in the compared languages, morphological synonyms were found in Ukrainian language as well. Distinctive features of German and Ukrainian meteorological texts are, first of all, the quantitative features of the lexemes used to describe various weather conditions, in particular, windiness and precipitation, as well as more or less branched synonymous series.
The article characterizes the essence of the activity approach in the aspect of learning foreign languages. An analysis of foreign scholars’ recommendations on the implementation of the principle of activity approach to learning was made. The essence of teaching in higher educational institutions, that is to help the teacher to acquire speech competencies for learning foreign languages. The essence of the activity approach principle, which consists of integral training with the active student, is found out. The teacher acts only as a guiding partner, providing advice on the way to achieve the goal. The disadvantages of the activity approach to teaching a foreign language are highlighted: time constraints, insufficient level of students’ basic knowledge and their unwillingness to study entirely student-oriented, during which the student is given full independence in choosing a way to effectively achieve the goal. During the experimental application of the activity approach, we used exercises in teaching vocabulary, grammar, phonetics and reading foreign texts. The essence of teaching methods is revealed, that is divided into three main phases of a foreign language lesson, based on the activity approach: the initial phase, the implementation phase and the analysis phase. Based on the results of the empirical research, a training program that will help to increase the level of knowledge and skills of the respondents of the experimental group was developed, based on educational group and frontal consultation and training for both students and teachers in higher educational institutions.
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