Violence is one of the most widespread forms of violation of human rights in the world, which the state must defend and protect. Currently, in our country there are contradictions between the developed concept of combating domestic violence based on the interaction of various subjects and the insufficient level of its implementation due to the creation of an extensive network of specialized support services for victims. The purpose of the article is to analyze the activities of shelters that provide social services to women who are victims of domestic violence, and to justify the need to expand the existing network in Ukraine. The basic principles, mechanism of creation and financing of shelters are considered. The importance of applying world experience in this matter is substantiated. The financial support of international organizations in the process of creating shelters was studied. The study of shelter models, which are most represented in Ukraine, has been further developed. The main method used is the analysis of documents for the study of international legal agreements and national legislation on combating violence. In the course of the study, the main problems in the operation of shelters were identified. They are associated with a small number, insufficient funding, and a low level of public awareness of the availability and working conditions of institutions. The mechanism of cooperation between authorities and institutions that provide assistance to affected persons also needs coordination at the regulatory and practical levels. The following steps should be the ways of improvement: creation of an extensive network of shelters; professional development of specialists who work with women who are victims of domestic violence; increasing sources of funding for institutions, primarily through public-private partnerships.
The system of training future workers of social services is being transformed in connection with a number of challenges in the social-economic sphere, significantly differentiating within the EU countries. The purpose of the academic paper lies in analysing psychological and pedagogical features in the educational training of social service specialists using the example of EU countries. Methodology. A qualitative design based on a content analysis of the legal framework, statistical data and analytical reports posted on the website of the European Association of Schools of Social Work (2022) have been used in the present research. The results show that social work as an educational training program includes three educational levels: bachelor’s, master’s and doctoral studies. In general, in the EU countries, general requirements regarding the structure and content of educational programs are determined, which are established by legislation. Educational programs are built on a competency-based approach, which involves the formation of professional skills of specialists. Educational institutions specializing in the training of social workers are also experience changes in curricula in accordance with changes in social practice and European education standards, the growing role of practical experience, internships, and research projects. The training programs use the competency-based approach to overcome social problems and changes in social security systems.
The article aims at studying the largest charitable societies in Katerynoslav and Simferopol as an example of public care in the Ukrainian lands in the pre-Soviet period. The main directions of their activity are highlighted, common features and peculiarities are determined. Charitable institutions were established, which functioned at the expense of societies. It is proved that charitable activity was one of the factors increasing the level of social protection of the most vulnerable segments of the population in provincial cities. Interest in the topic of charity is inexhaustible, as it is associated with the study of cultural and spiritual traditions, which this phenomenon is associated with in society. Among a wide range of problematic issues, today the activities of charitable societies at the level of the regions of Ukraine are insufficiently studied. The aim of the article is to study and compare the activities of Katerynoslav and Simferopol charitable societies to improve financial situation of vulnerable groups in Katerynoslav and Tavriya provinces. The method of comparative analysis is applied. The main amount of funds came from the collection of direct donations through the organization of charity events (concerts, performances), through salary books and subscription letters. Katerynoslav Charitable Society had a much larger turnover of funds, revenues and expenditures. It is obvious that it collected more donations and was more active in entrepreneurial activity. The successful activity of Katerynoslav and Simferopol charitable societies reflected a wide range of social needs of Southern Ukrainians and was directed, first of all to financial support of vulnerable segments of the population. Over the time, help became more targeted. Attempts were made to solve the problems of social care for the infirm, professional begging and unemployment by creating shelters and working houses. Attention was paid to the main role of women in managing societies and cooperation with local authorities was monitored.
The relevance of the study is due to the need for a theoretical understanding of the experience of mentoring as a type of social work, and its practical application in the field of social protection of childhood, prevention of «secondary» orphanhood. The purpose of the article is to analyze the development of mentoring in boarding schools, identify key issues in the implementation of the mentoring program, study the best domestic and foreign experience, develop proposals for improving the organization and conduct of mentoring in Ukraine. The main methods used in the study are divided into theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, modeling, classification) and empirical (document analysis, expert survey). An analysis of the domestic experience in organizing the mentoring process and the factors that slow it down. The analysis of documents was used in work with the letter of an assessment of needs of the child, the individual plan of work of the mentor, the standard agreement on mentoring. Thanks to the method of classification, the ways to improve the mentoring mechanism at the level of the Centers for Social Services for Families, Children and Youth, the state, and the coordination of interaction between government agencies become clear. The study found that mentoring as an alternative to adoption, which has been transformed from volunteering to social work since 2016, is an extremely effective tool for supporting children, important for stability, confidence and preparation for independent life of young men and women. It has been proven that there are factors that slow down the pace of mentoring for orphans and children deprived of parental care. Among them, the main ones are high «cost» (in time and human resources), inconsistency of actions of the main participants of the program, lack of large-scale information campaign.
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