This work presents the results of a study of the oxygen absorption rate in water solutions in the setup consisting of a jet unit and disperser-mixer, which is a rotor-pulsating apparatus. The purpose of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of the rotor-pulsating apparatus in the aeration of aqueous solutions. The experimental data were obtained by the method of chemical oxidation of sodium sulfide, part of the model solution, with air oxygen,. The influence of the rotor rotational speed on the oxygen absorption rate was determined by experiments. A comparison of aeration conditions, sulfite number, and energy efficiency in relation to the corresponding characteristics of some pneumatic and mechanical aerators found in the literature is provided.
Thousands of medium and low steam boilers and hot water boilers operate in the country's industry, municipal energy and agriculture. Their reliable operation is largely determined by the maintenance of a rational water-chemical regime. The main problems of source water are the presence of dissolved oxygen, iron ions, salts of calcium, and magnesium. The aim of the work is to analyze the existing technologies and equipment for water treatment for different types of boilers. Determination of physicochemical parameters and requirements for source and prepared water. Presentation of new multi-purpose energy-efficient and resource-saving water treatment equipment. The article considers the negative impact of dissolved iron, hardness salts, dissolved gases present in the feed water on the operation of boiler equipment. The main requirements for feed water in terms of hardness, the content of dissolved oxygen, and oils for steam and hot water boilers are given. The mechanism of scale formation is given. The main existing methods of feed water treatment are considered, namely softening on Na-cation exchange resin, liming, softening, and reduction of total salt content on reverse osmosis units, softening, and reduction of total salt content by the sequential passage of water through H, OH-ion exchange filters. A multi-purpose aeration-oxidation setup of rotor type (AORT) is presented, which implements the method of discrete-pulse energy input, on which it is possible to carry out operations to remove iron, manganese, hardness salts, increase pH and degassing from water.
The paper presents the results of the influence of physicochemical parameters of the alkaline pretreatment on the viscosity of wheat straw slurries on its rheological properties. The authors consider the coefficient of apparent viscosity as a complex indicator of wheat straw slurries pretreatment process which depends on the structure and physicochemical properties of system components, thermal parameters of the process (temperature, dispersion, and concentration of dispersed phase, shear flow rate). A wheat straw slurries with a solids content of 10?15% were chosen as the object of research. As a result of research, rheological viscosity and fluidity were constructed for these slurries in the range of shear rates from 1 to 437.4 s-1. The value of viscosity as a function of shear rate for a solids concentration of 10, 12, and 15% w. is given. It has been determined that in a certain range of shear rates the slurries show the behavior of viscoelastic fluids with yield stress, and with increasing of the solids concentration the rate of decrease of viscosity increases with increasing shear rate. A study of the effect of alkali concentration on apparent viscosity was performed. It is determined that an increase in the concentration of alkali leads to an increase in the apparent viscosity of the slurry, and with increasing alkali concentration, the rate of decrease in viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate. The value of the apparent viscosity of the suspension as a function of temperature is given.
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