The article proposes a new method of quasi-continuous image formation in observation devices with discrete receivers. The increase in the number of spatial sampling points in the object image is provided by intraframe scanning. Scanning is carried out by a photosensitive matrix with a regularly changed (controlled) density of the elementary receivers (CDR-matrix). The CDR-matrix contains identical elementary receivers. They are regularly distributed over the matrix surface. The vertical and horizontal distance between adjacent receivers is a multiple of the size of the elementary receiver. The CDR-matrix becomes equivalent in pixel dimensions to a larger photosensitive matrix. The magnitude of the multiplicity placement of the receivers is chosen by the developer when designing the light-sensitive matrix. The image of the object by the CDR-matrix (a separate frame) is composed of a series of snapshots. Each snapshot is formed by signals coming from all elementary receivers of the CDR-matrix. The number of snapshots in the frame is set by the multiplicity of the size of the elementary receivers vertically and horizontally. While using intraframe scanning, the CDR-matrix with a pixel size of the video format can operate in the mode of a photosensitive matrix with a pixel size of 2.5 MP. A CDR-matrix with a pixel size of 6 MP can operate as a 48 MP matrix of a conventional design. A mechanism for storing a frame with observation results when using a CDR-matrix is proposed. It assumes the use of the matrix addition operation. The signal matrix of the observed frame is considered as the sum of the signal matrices of all the snapshots in the frame. Application of the developed method will make it possible to multiply the pixel size of the image relative to the pixel size of the controllable photosensitive matrix. The advantages of the proposed method also include the absence of a mandatory decrease in the effective area of an elementary receiver with an increase in their number in the photosensitive matrix; simplification of hardware measures to reduce the effect of image shift on its quality; absence of information losses in the intervals between adjacent elementary receivers.
The improved method of structural functional-value analysis of a complex system with a mixed combination of subsystems in an analytical approximation of the value dependences on the level of functional suitability is proposed. The minimization of the value of a complex system under the condition it fulfills its functional purpose at a given level is proposed to be implemented by the method of Lagrange multipliers. The application of the developed method allows checking the possibility of the monitoring system to perform its functional tasks with a given level of perfection as well as the identification of the opportunities for structural and parametric simplification of the system. This method is adapted for use at different levels of a priori uncertainty of the input data and can be useful at all stages of a complex system existence: development, operation, and disposal. In addition, it can be used to study low formalized and informalized complex systems.
This article proposes an approach to the formalization of tasks and conditions for the hardware implementation of quasi-continuous observation devices with discrete receivers in remote sensing systems. Observation devices with a matrix are used in medicine, ecology, aerospace photography, and geodesy, among other fields. In the discrete receivers, the sampling of an image in the matrix receiver into pixels leads to a decrease in the spatial information of the object. In a greater extent, these disadvantages can be avoided by using photosensitive matrix with a regularly changing (controlled) density of elementary receivers-matrix (RCDOER-matrix). Currently, there is no substantiation of the tasks and conditions for the hardware implementation of RCDOER-matrix. The algorithmic formation of a quasi-continuous image of observation devices with the RCDOER-matrix is proposed. The algorithm used a formal pixel-by-pixel description of the signals in the image. This algorithm formalizes the requirements for creating a photosensitive RCDOER-matrix of a certain size, as well as for changing the mechanism for forming and saving a frame with observation results. The application of the developed method will allow multiplying the pixel size of the image relative to the pixel size of the RCDOER-matrix. Developed algorithms for RCDOER-matrix are supplemented by formalizing the tasks that arise when creating prototypes. In addition, the conditions for hardware implementation are proposed, which ensure the completeness of registration of the observation picture, and allow avoiding excessive pixel measurements. Thus, the results of the research carried out approximate the practical application of RCDOER-matrix.
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