The aim: To determine trend of legal induced surgical abortion and to assess the frequency of infection complications after termination of pregnancy in Ukraine. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective multicentre cohort study was based on surveillance data of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) after legal induced surgical abortion in women’s from January 2017 to 2019 in Ukraine. Definitions of HAI after induced abortion were used from the CDC/ NHSN. Results: The number of surgical abortions in Ukraine increased by 32.8%. A total of 25.9% HAIs were identified after surgical abortion. Of these HAIs, 25.9 were Endometritis, 21.8% Bacterial Vaginitis, 14.3% Parametritis, 13.1% Cervicitis, 9.9% Adnexa utery, 7.8% Salpingitis, 6.3% Chorioamnionitis, and 0.9% other reproductive tract infections. E.coli were most commonly reported, accounting for 25.9% of all organisms, followed by Enterococcus spp. (16.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (15.5%), P. aeruginosa (10.9%), and Enterobacter spp. (10.1%). Antimicrobial resistance in the isolates associated with HAIs showed, among the gram-positive bacteria, that 19.1% and 3.6% of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates were b-lactam (oxacillin) − and glycopeptide-resistant, respectively. Meticillin resistance was reported in 23.2% of S aureus isolates. Vancomycin resistance was reported in 3.7% of isolated enterococci. Among the gram-negative bacteria, third-generation cephalosporins resistance was found in 33.1% of Klebsiella spp and in 24.1% of E.coli isolates. Conclusions: The results of this study revealed high rates of HAIs after surgical abortion and most causing pathogens were associated with resistant to antibiotic strains. This knowledge is essential to develop targeted strategies to surveillance and reduce the incidence of post-abortion infections.
The article is a review of modern achievements in the field of studying reproductive health problems among professional sportswomen. Long-term and intensive physical loads are used for professional female athletes in the training process in speed-strength sports at levels that were historically characteristic only for male athletes. Insufficient awareness of this problem among doctors, trainers, and athletes can be considered as an actual problem of the potential danger for the reproductive function of female athletes during professional sports. Specialists in the field of the impact of high physical exertion on the reproductive health of female athletes have to face a complex of problems. The medical problems include female athlete triad, relative lack of energy, disruption of endocrine regulation due to the use of doping and contraceptives, and hyperandrogenism. Pedagogical problems include contradiction between the desire to achieve high sports results and the conscious, even indifferent attitude of the coaching staff to the physiological characteristics of women and the lack of relevant knowledge on the part of female athletes and their parents.The well-known female athlete triad – amenorrhea, anorexia and the lack of energy syndrome – has a neuroendocrinology basis caused by genetic, physiological factors and high physical loads. These data should be brought to the attention of coaches, female athletes and their parents. It was proposed algorithm for the prevention of reproductive health of professional athletes.Conclusions. High performance sports pose an additional risk for women’s reproductive health. Doping, contraception and neglecting the peculiarities of the menstrual cycle are a threat to the future life and health of female athletes. The risk group consists of young athletes. An important approach to solving the problem is to inform of various specialties doctors, first of all obstetricians-gynecologists, endocrinologists, sports doctors, nutritionists, as well as trainers and athletes themselves, about the potential danger of the possible negative impact of professional women’s sports on their reproductive function and about the measures that are necessary to be carried out to prevent the development of this danger.
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