This paper considers and analyzes a relevant issue of treatment of disturbed soils. The equipment to carry out various processes of mining reclamation of waste heaps and quarries with a significant reduction in the level of environmental risks through the operation of an energy-saving small-sized apparatus has been designed. The use of the developed soil reclamator is also adequate for pre-sowing and other types of agrotechnical tillage, plant care in agricultural fields, as well as in areas with a heterogeneous landscape. The functionality of the unit is able to provide energy autonomy and automation of the technological process. The low weight of the device makes it possible to reduce the pressure on the soil, which minimizes the environmentally hazardous formation of dust during the treatment of waste heaps, the destruction of its structure, the machine degradation of the fertile layer during the processing of all types of territories. The device also reduces the risk of fertile soils slipping from the slopes of mine dumps due to the fact that the soil reclamator is self-propelled and functions without the need to involve a heavy tractor. The mathematical modeling of the operation of the proposed technical support for the treatment of waste heap reclamation in comparison with the opposed analog proves the ecological and economic efficiency of the eco-adaptive soil reclamator. The average value of profit ratios, when using the proposed soil reclamator, is 121.82 % higher than with the involvement of opposed equipment. Indicators of the negative environmental impact of the designed equipment are 100 % lower than the environmental impact when operating the analog. The proposed technical solution can be effectively applied both in schemes of sanitary cleaning of settlements, and in the process of modernization of agricultural machinery
Abstract. It's a long time since video post production became digital, yet the issue of collaborative video authoring has not been seriously investigated so far. In this paper we tackle this problem from a transactional point of view, that allows us to ensure consistent exchange and sharing of information between authors by taking into account application semantics. Our main contribution is the development of a new data model called concurrent video, especially intended for cooperative authoring environments. We demonstrate that the presented model provides efficient means of organizing and manipulating video data, at the same time enabling direct use of merging mechanisms, which constitute a formal basis for collaborative scenarios. Moreover, since the proposed approach is mainly media-independent, we argue that the results of our work are applicable to other types of stream data as well.
The article considers the problem of rationing wastewater discharge in terms of environmental risk management, caused by the pollution of waterbodies. The cases of using a simple indicator of water quality in the form of concentration of a substance, as well as a complex indicator of water quality were considered. The relevance of using a complex indicator is caused by the similar effect of various substances on the ecosystem and man. For both cases, the algorithms for determining the permissible composition of wastewater, ensuring compliance with the established standards of natural water quality in the control points of the water body with a given probability, were developed. In the case of using complex indicators in order to unambiguously solve the problem of rationing wastewater composition, permissible concentrations of substances were finally determined by solving the optimization problem. The optimization criterion is the minimum cost of water treatment. The method of ecological standardization of wastewater composition suggested in the article is applicable for the case of normal probability distribution of a substance in wastewater according to data of field measurements.
In the article is considered the one of aspects of nature management regulation – an account of successive transformation of pollutants in a water body, that come with waste waters of industrial, municipal and agricultural enterprises. It is necessary at the determination of permissible pollutants emission with waste waters that doesn’t allow the excess of the permissible level of substances content in the control point of a water body. This problem is considered on the example of successive transformation of nitrogen-containing substances in the following transformation order: organic nitrogen – ammonium nitrogen - nitrite nitrogen – nitrate nitrogen. The topicality of the modeling of nitrogen-containing substances is conditioned by their role in water ecosystems functioning. At that existent mathematical models of natural water quality formation that take into account substances transformation contain the large number of unknown parameters. So, the use of such models in problems of nature management regulation is problematic, because identification of model parameters is a separate very complicated scientific problem. And existent models with relatively small number of parameters don’t take into account the natural pollution of water bodies, caused by the life activity of organisms; substance losses in the transformational chain are also possible. The improved matrix mathematical model of nitrogen-containing substances transformation without the indicated shortcomings is offered.
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