Abstract:Occurrence of extreme man-made impacts on buildings and structures has become frequent lately as a consequence of condensed explosives or explosive combustion of gas-vapor or air-fuel mixtures. Such accidents involve large human and economic losses, and their prevention methods are not always effective and reasonable. The given research aims at studying the way of enhancing explosion safety of building structures by means of yielding supports. The paper presents results of numerical studies (finite element, 3D nonlinear) of strength and deformability of yielding supports in the shape of annular tubes under static and short-term dynamic loading. The degree of influence of yielding supports was assessed taking into account three peculiar stages of deformation: elastic; elasto-plastic; elasto-plastic with hardening. The methodology for numerical studies performance was described. It was established that rigidity of yielding supports influences significantly their stress-strain state. The research determined that with increase of deformable elements rigidity dependency between load and deformation of yielding supports in elastic and plastic stages have linear character. Significant reduction of dynamic response and increase of deformation time of yielding supports was observed by increasing the plastic component. Therefore it allows assuming on possibility of their application as supporting units in reinforced concrete constructions.Keywords: yielding supports, strength, deformability, numerical simulation, finite element method, explicit dynamic, nonlinear effects
ЧИСЛЕННОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПОДАТЛИВЫХ ОПОР В ВИДЕ ТРУБ КОЛЬЦЕВОГО СЕЧЕНИЯ ПРИ СТАТИЧЕСКОМ И КРАТКОВРЕМЕННОМ ДИНАМИЧЕСКОМ НАГРУЖЕНИИ
О.Г. Кумпяк, Н.В. МещеуловТомский государственный архитектурно-строительный университет, г. Томск, РОССИЯ АННОТАЦИЯ: В последнее время участились случаи экстремальных техногенных воздействий на здания и сооружения, например, вследствие взрыва конденсированных взрывчатых веществ либо взрывного горения газо-, паро-или пылевоздушных смесей. Такие события могут повлечь большие человеческие и экономические потери, а методы их предотвращения или снижения последствий не всегда эффективны и рациональны. Целью данной работы является изучение способа повышения взрывобезопасности строительных конструкций за счет применения податливых опор. Представлены результаты численных (конечноэлементных, в трехмерной нелинейной постановках) исследований прочности и деформативности податливых опор в виде труб кольцевого сечения при статическом и кратковременном динамическом нагружении. Произведена оценка степени влияния податливых опор, имеющих три характерные стадии деформирования: упругая; упруго-пластическая; упруго-пластическая с отвердением. Приведено описание методики численных исследований и ее программной реализации. Установлено, что при увеличении жесткости сминаемых вставок зависимость между нагрузкой и деформированием опоры в упругой и пластической стадиях имеет линейных характер. Выявлено также значительное снижение динамической ре...
Abstract. Extreme events, both natural and man-made, have become more frequent. Explosions, falling or impact of bodies influence buildings and structures causing occurrence of high intensity inertia forces. Due to dynamic nature of the mentioned impacts they are to be considered in design calculations. The paper studies behavior of oblique sections of reinforced concrete (RC) beams under transverse dynamic loading; it describes the potential of using yielding supports, presented as inserted elements with ring cross-section. Experimental study included tests of 24 RC beams under shortterm dynamic impact of falling weight (265 kg). The behavior of RC beams was analyzed by measuring deformation of reinforcement and concrete, the value of supports reaction and impulse acting on a structure. The paper considers separate and joint effect of yielding supports and longitudinal compression on strength and deformability of RC beams. Longitudinal compressive force and yielding supports are proved to influence significantly the stress-strain state of oblique sections of RC beams under dynamic loading. Time of deformation is significantly prolonged in case of extended plastic component in yielding supports.
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