Background: Pelvic infection, unsafe abortion and previous laparatomy are risk factors for tubal infertility among Nigerian women. Reports on the relationship between these factors and tubal pathology seen on hysterosalpingography (HSG) from our environment have been few. Objective: To assess the prevalence of tubal occlusions among patients referred for HSG and examine the association between previous history of abdominopelvic surgery (including dilatation and curettage for abortion) and tubal occlusion. Methods: We studied one hundred and thirty women referred to the Radiology department for HSG because of infertility. HSG was performed during the early proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle. Information about type and duration of infertility, history of abdomino -pelvic surgery and history suggestive of previous pelvic infection, were obtained from the patients. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 11.Test of association using the chi-square test was done where appropriate and differences were considered at p= 0.05. Results: Sixty one women had bilaterally patent tubes; tubal pathology was seen in sixty nine women. Significant association exits between tubal pathology and history of pelvic surgery p=0.01, pelvic infection p=0.02 and duration of infertility p=0.04. Conclusion: Previous surgery especially dilation and curettage, PID duration and type of infertility are associated with tubal pathology among Nigerian women. Creative methods of lowering the cost of diagnosis and management of tubal occlusion need to be instituted.

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Introduction. This study assesses the occurrence of neonatal jaundice among neonates admitted between January 2007 -December 2016 in a tertiary health institution in Ondo State, Nigeria. Materials and method. A descriptive retrospective research design was used for the study conducted in the Neonatal Ward of a tertiary health institution in Ondo State. Data were collected using a self-structurd checklist. Ethical clearance was obtained from the hospital Ethical Committee. Data was analyzed using SPSS; both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results. Results showed that a total of 715 neonates were admitted in the hospital during the period, 88 (34.2%) were admitted on their first day of birth. There were more male neonates admitted for jaundice than female 146 (56.8%). The highest incidence of neonatal jaundice in the hospital during the years under review occurred in 2008 (32 neonates); while the least was recorded in 2016 -9 neonates. A total of 257 neonates were admitted for neonatal jaundice over the 10 year period under review. The serum bilirubin level reduced from 13.76±8.04 on admission to 3.43±2.34 at discharge. Only 61 (23.7%) of the neonates had exchange blood transfusion performed. Also, 36 (14.0%) neonates developed complications of neonatal jaundice, of which 25 (69.4%) died from these complications. Conclusions.A concerted effort should be made to create awareness about neonatal jaundice among women of reproductive age, and emphasis should be placed on the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of NNJ.