A nebulized combination of low-dose ketamine and dexmedetomidine produced more satisfactory sedation and provided a smoother induction of general anesthesia than nebulized ketamine or dexmedetomidine alone, with more rapid recovery and no significant side effects.

PACTR201602001476292.

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Mandibular distraction osteogenesis improved laryngeal view. Distraction osteogenesis can be successfully used for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in mandibular hypoplasia patients.

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Spinal cord stimulation is a well-established and effective treatment for a variety of chronic, intractable pain syndromes, with 27 000 stimulators being implanted annually in the USA alone. 1 Known complications are equipment failure, pain in the region of hardware implantation, infection, and rarely haematomas and spinal cord injury, which necessitate timely, targeted interventions. 2 The true incidence of these complications, however, is not known, although a retrospective analysis using a manufacturer and user facility device experience (MAUDE) database reports the incidence of epidural haematoma as about 0.19%. 3 Subsequent paraparesis after haematoma can prove devastating to the patient as it may, in fact, leave the patient with permanent residual neurological deficit. 4 In conclusion, lead migration is the likely cause of epidural haematoma, not the needle trauma. In particular, the MRI showed a 'thin spread' epidural haematoma. This may explain the spontaneous resolution of the patient's symptoms, as the haematoma spread along the spine, relieving pressure and preventing compression to any single isolated area.