The present studies were carried out to survey and evaluate the population densities of some insect pests infesting rosemary plants and their associated predators during the two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014 at Abo-Kabir district , Sharkia Governorate. The obtained results are summarized as follow : Seven insect species belonging to seven families and four orders were recorded as insect pests on rosemary plants. Bemisia tabaci (Genn.), Aphis gossypii Glover, Empoasca decipiens (Paoli) and Thrips tabaci Lind. were the most dominant species and recorded 53.95, 19.01, 13.08 and 8.14 % of the total insects numbers, respectively.Bemesia tabaci showed four peaks on 1 st August , 22 nd August , 19 th September and 17 th October in the first season and on 24 th July , 21 st August , 2 nd October and 20 th November in the second one. A.gossypii had two peaks on 1 st August and 29 th August in the first season and three peaks on 7 th August , 4 th September and 25 th September in the second season .Temperature and relative humidity influenced B.tabaci populations by 4.4337 and 72.9724 % in the first and second seasons , respectively. Temperature and relative humidity affected A. gossypii population by 33.91 and 44.68 % during the two successive seasons , respectively .Five predaceous insect species belonging to five families and four orders were surveyed. Paederus alfierii (Koch), Coccinella undecimpunctata L. and Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) were the most dominant species inhabiting rosemary plants and representing 52.12, 24.00 and 10.35% of the total number of predators, respectively.
These studies were carried out in El-Mansoura district, Dakahlia Governorate during the two seasons of 2004/2005 and 2005/2006 on different citrus trees (Navel orange, Mandalin and Valencia orange). The present study illustrated that Aphis gossypii Glover, Aphis citricola (V.D. Goot) had two peaks at April and August during the two seasons of investigation. While, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and Aphis craccivora Koch had one peak occurred during March and April for the two seasons. Each aphid species showed different degrees of preference for the different tested citrus trees. A. gossypii exhibited higher population on Mandarin trees. While Navel orange receive the highest population of A. citricola and M. persicae. The weather factors play a great role on the population density and seasonal abundance of the tested aphid species.
Two field experiments were conducted to study the population dynamics of whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley .The efficacy of some insecticides against these insect pests infesting eggplant plants were evaluated at Sharkia Governorate during the two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017. The obtained results revealed that B. tabaci recorded four peaks of abundance and the highest peak was the fourth one during 2016 and2017 seasons, respectively. Moreover, P. solenopsis recorded two peaks in the first season 2016 and the highest peak was the second one, while in the second season 2017, it had three peaks and the highest peak was the third one. The infestation of these insect pests was more abundant in the second season than in the first one, which may be due to the influence of the studied climatic factors. Moreover, results showed that Lambada-cyhalothrine+thiamehoxam and imidacloprid were the most efficient insecticides against B. tabaci followed by pyriproxyfen, abamectin+thiamethoxam, buprofezin and spiromesifen, which classified as moderately toxic against the tested insect during the two seasons, respectively. And also, results indicated that thiamethoxam and abamectin were the most toxic insecticides against P. solenopsis followed by imidacloprid, emamectin benzoate, pyrethrins and chlorpyrifos in both seasons, respectively. This study might leads to understand the ecology of these pests which will help in designing the integrated pest management programs for their control. On the other hand, it shows the role of systemic insecticides which are less harmful to natural enemies.
Chemical analysis of (carbohydrates ,protein, pH and amino acids) in three tested varieties of wheat plant(Sakha94,Giza168 and Balady) on the rate of infestation of some homopterous insects i.e. aphid insects (Rhopalosiphum maidis and R. padi) and leafhopper insects(Balclutha hortensis , Empoasca decipiens and E decedens)was studied in order to clarify the importance of these chemical constituents on the rate of infestation and subsequently the effect on the quality of yield of these plants. These results showed that these were differences between the tested wheat varieties and the number of these insects.The Balady variety showed the highest infestation with the aforementioned insects ,while the Sakha94 was infested with the lowest number of the insects .There were significant difference between the aforementioned of all three varieties and the infestation with the tested insects. Chemical analysis results recorded a positive relationship between protein , carbohydrate contents, and amino acid and infestation ,while a reverse relation was recorded with pH values. Large differences were found between amino acids concentration in the three wheat varieties especially Proline, Serine , Aspartic acid and Alanine which were obviously between Balady variety and Sakha 94 variety.Highly significant positive correlation between aforementioned insects and free amino acids except Methionine , Cysteine and Phenylalanine the correlation was non-significant. Although, the total amount of amino acids present in phloem sap was low but they were a limiting factor for aphids and leafhoppers growth. Preliminary data on present work highlights a dependent .relation between plant quality and aphid and leafhopper number on three wheat varieties .
The present work was conducted during the two successive seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 in order to study the seasonal abundance of aphids, leafhoppers and planthopper insects infesting maize and sugar beet plants in Diarb-Nigm District, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. On maize plants the following aphid species were occurred: Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), R. maidis (Fitch). and Aphis gossypii (Glover).While, the leafhopper and planthopper insects included Empoasca decipiens (Paoli), E. decedens (Paoli), Cicadulina chinai (Ghauri), Segatella vibix (Haupt) and S. furcifera (Horv). On the other hand, sugar beet plants were infested with one species of aphid i.e. Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and three species of Leafhoppers i.e. Circulifera tenellus (Baker), E. decipiens (Paoli), and E. decedens (Paoli). The aforementioned insect pests were collected by three different methods from maize and sugar beet plants using plant sample, sweeping net and yellow sticky board trap. This research aims to utilize the obtained results in developing the integrated pest management (IPM) programs against the aforesaid insect pests through the effect of atmospheric temperature and relative humidity on the population of these insects.
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