Compared with a 28-mm femoral head articulation, a larger 36-mm articulation resulted in a significantly decreased incidence of dislocation in the first year following primary total hip arthroplasty. However, before a 36-mm metal-on-highly cross-linked polyethylene articulation is widely recommended, the incidence of late dislocation, wear, periprosthetic osteolysis, and liner fracture should be established.
Background and purpose Wear rates of highly crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) acetabular components have varied considerably between different published studies. This variation is in part due to the different techniques used to measure wear and to the errors inherent in measuring the relatively low amounts of wear in XLPE bearings. We undertook a scoping review of studies that have examined the in vivo wear of XLPE acetabular components using the most sensitive method available, radiostereometric analysis (RSA).Methods A systematic search of the PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases was performed to identify published studies in which RSA was used to measure wear of XLPE components in primary total hip arthroplasty (THA).Results 18 publications examined 12 primary THA cohorts, comprising only 260 THAs at 2–10 years of follow-up. The mean or median proximal wear rate reported ranged from 0.00 to 0.06 mm/year. However, differences in the manner in which wear was determined made it difficult to compare some studies. Furthermore, differences in RSA methodology between studies, such as the use of supine or standing radiographs and the use of beaded or unbeaded reference segments, may limit future meta-analyses examining the effect of patient and implant variables on wear rates.Interpretation This scoping review confirmed the low wear rates of XLPE in THA, as measured by RSA. We make recommendations to enhance the standardization of reporting of RSA wear results, which will facilitate early identification of poorly performing implants and enable a better understanding of the effects of surgical and patient factors on wear.
"Authors may self-archive the author's accepted manuscript of their articles on their own websites. Authors may also deposit this version of the article in any repository, provided it is only made publicly available 12 months after official publication or later. He/ she may not use the publisher's version (the final article), which is posted on SpringerLink and other Springer websites, for the purpose of self-archiving or deposit. Furthermore, the author may only post his/her version provided acknowledgement is given to the original source of publication and a link is inserted to the published article on Springer's website. The link must be provided by inserting the DOI number of the article in the following sentence: "The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/[insert DOI]"."
PERIPROSTHETIC OSTEOLYSIS AFTER TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT: MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL MANAGEMENT
AbstractPeriprosthetic osteolysis is a serious complication of total hip replacement in the medium to long-term.Although often asymptomatic, osteolysis can lead to prosthesis loosening and periprosthetic fracture.These complications cause significant morbidity and require complex revision surgery. Here, we review advances in our understanding of the cell and tissue response to particles produced by wear of the articular and non-articular surfaces of prostheses. We discuss the molecular and cellular regulators of osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity, a better understanding of which may lead to pharmacological treatments for periprosthetic osteolysis. We describe the development of imaging techniques for the detection and measurement of osteolysis around total hip replacement prostheses, which enable improved clinical management of patients, provide a means of evaluating outcomes of non-surgical treatments for periprosthetic osteolysis, and assist in pre-operative planning for revision surgery. Finally, there have been advances in the materials used for bearing surfaces to minimise wear, and we review the literature regarding the performance of these new materials to date.
2
The problem of periprosthetic osteolysisLoosening of hip replacement prostheses due to loss of adjacent bone, known as peri-prosthetic osteolysis, is the most common reason for revision of total hip replacements in the medium to longterm 1-3 . Non-linear periprosthetic osteolysis is characterised by localised and often ballooning lesions in bone adjacent to prostheses and is often first noted around stable prostheses before the bone loss leads to loosening 4 . Even when this type of osteolysis is progressive and results in major bone loss, patients may remain asymptomatic until the bone fails to support the prosthetic implant, at which time major revision surgery is required.
Fluid pressure and wear particles at the bone prosthesis interface cause osteolysisThe mechanism of periprosthetic osteolysis is likely to be multifactorial. While factors such as prosthesis design, surgical technique and quality of fixation are known to be impo...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.