The article deals with the main methods of nutrient removal from wastewater, as well as presents promising technologies and techniques. Struvite was characterized by a complex phosphorus fertilizer. The influence of struvite on the processes of germination of cultivated plants was investigated. The possibility of creating a growth substrate as an inexpensive and effective alternative to the disposal of the man-made wastes that contain an organic component was identified. The composition of the growth substrate was selected to ensure its functional properties. The growth substrate was tested by bioindication. Subsequently, the modification of the substrate by adding natural sorbents.
The main ways of sewage sludge disposal in the European Union and Ukraine were considered. The main problems of sludge utilization in Ukraine were identified. Research on the possibility of using a substrate based on sewage sludge for biological reclamation of disturbed lands was conducted. The quality of the sludge from Lviv WWTP was determined. The best substrate composition for biological land reclamation was determined by using bioindication. It was established that the use of settled sludge observed inhibition of plant growth and development. Introducing additional components to the substrate, in the form of sorbents, makes it possible to increase the content of sewage sludge. Positive changes in plant growth and development when using a soil-based substrate, sewage sludge and sorbent were observed.
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