Now there is no single approach to the planning of normative indicators of the foreign trade structure and the optimization of foreign economic operations, including marketing mix, which consider the priorities of socio-economic development of the territories acting as the global market agents. The work proposes an expanded method for using the Grubel-Lloyd and Horvath indices when assessing the level of inter-industry trade, which will determine the priority fields of international cooperation in the process of developing a foreign economic strategy both at the state level and for an individual company interested in expanding the geography of trade in the global market via finding new partners and using non-discriminating marketing methods.The article reveals the existing trends in foreign trade of Ukraine that predispose current economic policy and foster the initiation of a new exporting strategy. Namely, the volume of total external debt exceeded GDP in 2014–2016; although a significant reduction of this ratio has been observed since 2017 due to the GDP shortening. Unfavorable trends were supplemented by the negative total balance of trade in goods and services in 2014–2018, with redistributing geographical structure in favor of the EU instead of the CIS countries (however, the exports in services, measured by absolute income, exceeded imports). The Grubel-Lloyd and Horvath indices, calculated for the recent trade data, proved a high level of diversification of Ukraine’s foreign economic activity, with significant intra-industry trade, but the scores of the Grubel-Lloyd index did not coincide by the geographical and commodity structure for the prevailing majority of countries. Nevertheless, new potential exporting destinations may be found, precisely because of the detected imbalances.
An important factor in formation an organizational culture is the analysis of motivational factors that have impact on organizational culture. This paper aims to determine motivational indicators that have a significant impact on the organizational culture of the enterprise. Implementation of the motivational function of organizational culture implies the use of monetary and non-monetary motivational indicators. Motivation of employees in a listed way allow to develop effective organizational culture. The use of the suggested motivators for increasing efficiency of organizational culture makes it possible to significantly increase the effectiveness of personnel management in the company. For competent formation of the organizational culture in Ukraine together with monetary indicators companies should implement non-monetary indicators and specific motivators which have significant impact on the organizational culture. In the future, the list of motivational indicators will allow to develop a list of effective measures to improve the organizational culture of the company.
* Research is performed in the framework of scientific work No. 44 / 2017-2019 "Development of a mechanism for enhancing the export activities of enterprises in the context of trade wars and integration processes" UDC 339.5 JEL: G34; F23; M16 Mazorenko O. V. The Criteria for Choosing an Export Strategy of Enterprise The article is concerned with substantiation of the criteria for choosing the enterprise's export strategy. The enterprise's entry into foreign markets requires a strategic approach, as such solutions require the use of additional resources, are characterized by different levels of risk and set the trajectory of the enterprise's development. Therefore, the research is aimed at a theoretical substantiation of the list of criteria for choosing an export strategy and elaboration of a matrix of compliance criteria for the various export strategies of enterprise. The types of export strategies of enterprise are defined, the factors influencing the choice of strategy are considered. As a result of the use of content analysis, the most significant factors for choosing the enterprise's export strategy are defined. Also, the indicated factors are grouped as external, internal, and factors of export image. The carried out analysis of the factors of choice of the enterprise's export strategy allowed to form a correspondence of the indicated criteria to different types of export strategies of enterprise, as well as to describe the degree of manifestation of each factor characteristic of one or the other one export strategy. Conclusions on the need to take into account the internal capabilities of enterprise, conditions of the external environment, as well as the features of each export method in the process of deciding on the type of export strategy of enterprise are summarized.
Estimation of export potential is a basis for development and adoption of managerial decisions in the management of an enterprise export activity development, which is one of the perspective direc¬tions of foreign policy of Ukraine. Due to this the purpose of the paper is to justify the methodology of evaluating the export potential of an enterprise based on the key indicators of its export activity development, taking into account the results obtained, to formulate general directions of intensifi¬cation of exports of machine-building enterprises. The object is to assess the export potential of an enterprise and make managerial decisions to enhance its export activity. In order to determine the indicators that should be used in evaluating the export potential of an enterprise, the method of ex¬pert evaluation of T. Saati, based on the system of pairwise comparisons of certain characteristics by the levels of the hierarchy, is used. The list of indicators that were evaluated by experts was formed on the basis of the theoretical synthesis of the scientific papers. These include indicators of produc¬tion, financial, investment, innovation and direct export business. The indicators obtained through export analysis were used to calculate the integral indicator of export potential development for the enterprises of the machine-building industry. As a result, the level of export potential of the studied machine-building enterprises is determined, the general directions of activation of their export activ¬ity are offered.
Статтю присвячено проблемам стимулювання експ орту в Україні. Одним із завдань держави в умовах євроінтеграції стає розвиток та удосконалення експортної діяльності українських підприємств, що є неможливим без державних заходів його підтримки і стимулювання. Інтеграція України до Європейського Союзу сприяла виникненню UDC 339.564:340 JEL Classification: F020; k300; m410 proMoting the export-orientation of ukraine'S econoMy: legiSlative and regulatory aSpectS* 2019 voloShan I. G., Mazorenko o. v., pYSMak v. o.
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