Consolidation with European social, economic and environmental programmes in the framework of Ukraine’s integration into the European energy space has become extremely important given the growing threats to energy security and should become the basis for greening regional and national innovation systems in the context of decarbonisation, the minimisation of carbon emissions and the transition to alternative energy sources. The comparison of the regions of the country by the level of enterprise innovation and the extrapolation of these results to the share of such enterprises in the total number of industrial entities in the regions helped identify their lack of correlation and emphasised the lack of stable dependence between industrial development and innovation activity. The methodology of the article includes a number of general scientific, special and interdisciplinary methods that allowed the screening of areas for the most favourable economic development, taking into account the synergistic component of regional development and achieving the research goal. The aim of this article is to analyse the innovative component of regional and national economic development for the implementation of decarbonisation and green energy transition in Ukraine, as well as substantiate the world’s leading imperatives and national directions for effective integration into relevant European programmes. An analysis of Ukraine’s rating status in several international indices of environmental efficiency and innovation activity in the regions showed the lack of correlation between regions of Ukraine, which actualises the search for the most effective drivers of economic development. At the same time, the consolidation of efforts of national stakeholders of innovative development in a country with relevant European institutions, particularly in the direction of greening regional economic systems, will ensure the development of innovative regions and industries, which will in turn be drivers of related territories and industries while ensuring a synergistic effect.
The aim of the article is to consider current global and European trends in ensuring a sufficient level of energy efficiency, to provide an analysis of the institutional environment for energy security, and the development and justification of a conceptual and analytical model of energy generation and consumption at the regional level in decentralization reform in Ukraine. The current trends of world energy consumption are illustrated, the forecast of renewable energy development is built and an analysis of energy efficiency of the national economy is performed. The article presents a study of the formation of an integrated municipal energy-management system of Ukrainian com-6 munities and municipalities depending on their urbanization and offers the use of conceptual analytical model of generation-consumption. A number of normative and organizational-institutional proposals on the standardization of energy-efficiency improvement processes are provided. Analysis of the energy efficiency of communities can be modeled at the conceptual level with the study using an analytical model: a) energy-efficiency factors of this model, financial instruments for its effective functioning as a mechanism of interest budget revenues and specialized funds functional dependence of the target function of the energy generation-consumption model, taking into account the generation methods and the main consumers at the appropriate levels; b) the risks and shortcomings of this process, which propose a number of regulatory and institutional changes to improve the effectiveness of effective energy efficiency policies of communities and energy security of the state on the basis of energy cooperation and organization of the biofuel exchange. The model of organization and functioning of the cooperative for generation and consumption of solar energy, which is based on the regulatory framework, is represented as a model structural and functional solution. This allowed the development of scientific and applied recommendations for improving the legal provisions, which would allow the community to become an effective player in the wholesale energy market, selling it at a "green" tariff.
The experience of reforms in foreign countries shows that decentralization is an essential factor in democratizing and modernizing the economy, provides for concrete steps to improve the quality of life, has a clear framework and conceptual content. It is the decentralization of Public Administration that is the driving force behind the creation of a favorable regional economic space for achieving sustainable development. Reforms of the administrative-territorial structure in Ukraine have recently been fundamental, structureforming in nature, but, despite many advantages, they have revealed a large-scale complex of problems related to the relationship between new levels of state power and the distribution of budget funds. The materials of the article indicate that the current legislation has not yet been adapted to the new system of territorial structure. Issues of optimal interaction between state and local government bodies, synchronization of the development of territorial levels of the economy in the context of decentralization require regulatory changes and monitoring. For the effective completion of reforms, important steps are needed that will allow achieving the conceptual goal of the reform: the government and all authorities must serve the interests of society and ensure the sustainable development of the country. To do this, you need to form an appropriate policy and implement it systematically. It is proposed to adopt new agreements that will allow launching the work of administrations in new districts in a new format. At the same time, it is necessary to adopt a law on the administrative-territorial structure, which will establish rules by which it will be possible to further modernize districts and correct mistakes made. Finally, it is necessary to amend the Constitution in terms of local self-government and territorial organization of power. A number of provisions are proposed aimed at improving relations between the levels of subnational authorities, improving the efficiency of the Institute of prefects, distributing local finances, and legislative regulation of aspects of local self-government work.
Digitalization of all spheres of life, from the business sector to public administration, has now become a common trend in the development of Ukrainian society, one of the main drivers of the socio-economic development of the country. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the feasibility of the cluster approach to the digitalization of public administration in the regional strategy, taking into account international best practices. Methodology. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the provisions of institutional theory, in particular, the paradigm of evolutionary development, digital economy, regional economy, clustering theory, the concept of strategic management, decentralization, public administration. In the process of research the following general scientific methods were used: analysis and synthesis (for the analysis of scientific schools of development of cluster theories, generalization of existing theoretical approaches and provisions, scientific developments on public administration, regional strategy, management of cluster development and clarification of terminological apparatus); classification and systematic approach (identification of industry specifics of cluster structures development in different countries; determination of peculiarities of IT-clusters creation on the basis of analysis of regional development strategies); comparison and structural-logical generalization (determination of peculiarities of international practice of cluster development and possibilities of its use in Ukraine; elaboration of a number of measures on formation of regional infrastructure of digital electronic administrative services). Results. The study revealed the sectoral focus of cluster structures in European countries. The features of the implementation of cluster policy and the key objectives of support for the development of cluster structures in a number of EU countries were identified. It is proved that the clusterization of the national economy, cluster policies and initiatives in the last decade have become important elements of strategies and concepts of innovative and sustainable development of European countries. Based on the analysis and synthesis of sectoral trends in the creation of cluster structures in European countries, it was found that the national characteristics of existing cluster policy determine the direction of cluster initiatives; strategic cluster alternatives are determined by national characteristics and the adopted cluster concept; to assess the feasibility of the cluster strategy of development of the territory it is necessary to correlate the level of investment potential and investment activity; methodological principles of formation of a national cluster strategy need to be refined and clarified, taking into account the current challenges. Practical implications. Based on the generalization of best international practices, it was found that to increase the competitiveness of the regional economy it is necessary to create cluster structures in the IT industry as an effective form of partnership. However, the study showed that the current legislation of Ukraine does not pay proper attention to the formation and functioning of clusters, including in the IT sector. To this end, it is necessary to make changes and additions to the Concept of creating clusters in Ukraine, the Regional Development Strategy until 2027 and action plans for their implementation in 2021-2023 years to create cluster structures as a business entity. It is advisable to develop and approve the Concept of Cluster Policy and the Target Program "The formation and development of clusters in the regions of Ukraine for 2021-2023 years", which should provide for the creation of IT-clusters as a special type of associations of enterprises in different fields, taking into account regional specificity. Value/originality. Author's approach to improving the legislative framework for the development of IT clusters in the regions of Ukraine, taking into account international best practices.
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