Highlights d Cdk4/6 regulates mTORC1 activity via TSC2 d Cdk4/6 binds TSC2 and phosphorylates it on Ser1452 and Ser1217 d Cdk4/6 inhibitors also inhibit mTORC1 d Cdk4/6 couples cell-cycle progression via RB to cell growth via mTORC1

Ves-Matic Cube 200 should be monitored carefully for good quality control. Temperature correction should be applied to study control material as recommended by the manufacturer. Ves-Matic Cube 200 device should be monitored carefully, performance studies should be performed, and the results should be checked in order to eliminate the random errors during the routine studies.

Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro kidney tubule models have either largely relied on the self-morphogenetic properties of the mammalian cells or used an engineered microfluidic platform with a monolayer of cells cultured on an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein coated porous membrane. These systems are used to understand critical processes during kidney development and transport properties of renal tubules. However, high variability and lack of kidney tubule-relevant geometries among engineered structures limit their utility in disease research and pre-clinical drug testing. Here, we report a novel bioengineered guided kidney tubule (gKT) array system that incorporates in vivo-like physicochemical cues in 3D culture to reproducibly generate homogeneous kidney tubules. The system utilizes a unique 3D micro-molded ECM platform in human physiology-scale dimensions (50-μm diameter) and relevant shapes to guide cells towards formation of mature tubule structures. The guided kidney tubules in our array system display enhanced tubule homogeneity with in vivo-like structural and functional features as evaluated by marker protein localization and epithelial transport analysis. Furthermore, the response of gKT structures to forskolin treatment exhibits characteristic tissue transformations from tubules to expanding cysts. Moreover, acute cisplatin injury causes induction of Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) expression as well as tubular necrosis and apoptosis. Thus the gKT array system offers enhanced structural uniformity with accurate in vivo-like tissue architecture, and will have broad applications in kidney tubule disease pathophysiology (including ciliopathies and drug-induced acute kidney injury), and will enhance pre-clinical drug screening studies.

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Objectives: To investigate serum and urine levels of Alpha-methylacyl-CoA-racemase (AMACR) and Netrin 1 in patients with and without prostate cancer and to determine whether these markers could be used as alternatives in diagnosis of prostate cancer instead of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. Methods: One hundred and seventy five patients between 45-75 years to whom transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies were performed for abnormal serum PSA levels or digital rectal examinations were included. The levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 levels of blood and urine samples of 5 mL those were taken prior to biopsies were measured. .Results: The mean age of the patients was 62.7 ±6.4 years. Prostate cancer was detected in 40 patients (22.8%) while 135 of them (77.2%) were diagnosed as benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). In BPH group, serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were 13.4 ±16.9 ng/mL; 7.1 ±3.4 ng/mL; 164.1±46 pg/mL and 19.5 ±5.0 pg/mL respectively. The levels of serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were 10.2 ±9.8 ng/mL; 6.8 ±2.5 ng/mL; 159.1 ±44.1 pg/mL and 20.1 ±5.3 pg/mL respectively in prostate cancer group. There was no statistically significant difference or correlation between these two groups serum and urine AMACR and Netrin 1 results Conclusions: Serum and urine levels of AMACR and Netrin 1 were not found to be alternatives for serum PSA levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in this study.

In this paper we use techniques of geometric quantization to give a geometric interpretation of the Peter-Weyl theorem. We present a novel approach to half-form corrected geometric quantization in a specific type of non-Kähler polarizations and study one important class of examples, namely cotangent bundles of compact semi-simple groups K. Our main results state that this canonically defined polarization occurs in the geodesic boundary of the space of K × K-invariant Kähler polarizations equipped with Mabuchi's metric, and that its half-form corrected quantization is isomorphic to the Kähler case. An important role is played by invariance of the limit polarization under a torus action.Unitary parallel transport on the bundle of quantum states along a specific Mabuchi geodesic, given by the coherent state transform of Hall, relates the non-commutative Fourier transform for K with the Borel-Weil description of irreducible representations of K.

Glucometers are widely used in the diagnosis of blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. EN ISO 15197 suggests that glucometer comparison studies should have 100 capillary blood samples be worked on at least twice. In this study, we planned on comparing the glucose results measured in a routine biochemistry analyzer from two different glucometers, capillary and venous blood samples, and aimed to discuss the effects of blood taking systems on the glucometer validation studies. Capillary and venous blood samples were taken from 101 individuals and their glucose concentrations measured simultaneously using two different glucometers (Accu-chek and GlucoMax). Capillary and venous blood samples were centrifuged after clotting and analyzed in the Roche P modular system. In the fasting condition, the equations for regression analysis that were found y=0,873x+24,32 (r=0,857) in between Accu-chek and venous blood glucose, y=0,9x+16,15 (r=0,920) in between Accu-chek and capillary blood glucose, y=0,811x+20,94 (r=0,776) in between GlucoMax and venous blood glucose, and y=0,851x+12,28 (r=0,863) in between GlucoMax and capillary blood glucose.In the postprandial state, the equations were y=0,713x+48,46 (r=0,258) in between Accu-chek and venous blood glucose, y=0,981x+11,77 (r=0,718) in between Accu-chek and capillary blood glucose, y=0,706x+39,12 (r=0,453) in between GlucoMax and venous blood glucose, and y=0, 790+22,35 (r=0,787) in between GlucoMax and capillary blood glucose. In the fasting and postprandial state, the capillary glucose levels showed better correlation with glucometer measurements than venous blood glucose levels. In glucometer verification studies, capillary blood obtained with capillary blood sampling systems and used instead of venous blood should be the preferred sample.

Objective:Automated urine analysis is usually preferred for laboratories with intensive workload. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the automated urine analyser H-800/FUS-100 and detect the error sources.Materials and methods:One thousand four hundred fifty nine fresh urine samples were analyzed with H-800/FUS-100 automated systems. The urine sediment of the samples with discrepant strip and microscopy results were confirmed by manual microscopy. Precision and carry over studies were performed.Results:The discrepancy is detected in a ratio of 5.89% between chemical analysis (H-800) and microscopic analysis (FUS-100) of the device. A total of 86 discrepant samples were detected. Fifty six of 86 were erythrocyte discrepancies (65.1%) and 30 of 86 were leukocyte discrepancies (34.9%). The results of carry over analysis for erythrocyte and leukocyte were 21.85% and 13.64%, respectively.Conclusions:Sixteen (1.09%) of 1459 patients’ results in FUS-100 were discrepant with manual microscopy. Commonly, yeasts and crystals affected erythrocyte counts and calcium oxalate and amorphous crystals affected the leukocyte counts. Images should be reviewed for every sample when automated systems are used for urine analysis. Especially if discrepancy is detected between chemical and microscobic analysis, the results should also be confirmed with manual microscopy.