Introduction: Problems associated with adherence to safe injection administration among healthcare providers are on the rise especially among primary health care workers. There is therefore the need to assess the level of awareness and adherence to the practice of injection safety among health workers in Primary health Centers in Calabar Municipality, Cross River State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to determine the level of awareness and adherence to the indices of safe injection practices in the study area.Material and methods: It was a cross sectional descriptive survey. A total of 398 health workers were sampled from a population of 245,681 health workers in the five Primary health centers in Calabar municipality using multistage sampling technique. All of the health workers including the cleaners and support staff were selected for the study. Data was collected using a four sectioned semi-structured questionnaire and the data was analyzed using Statistical package for social studies (SPSS) version 21.0. For awareness and practice of injection safety, the data was marked and scored and dichotomized for good and poor level of awareness and good and bad adherence to safety practices. Result:The result revealed that a total of 89.9% of the health workers had good level of awareness of injection safety with the laboratory technicians having 100% knowledge. This was statistically significant X 2 =26.9, p=0.00. A total of 59.5% of the health workers had good practice of injection safety with the laboratory technician having the least with 30%. X 2 = 30, p = 0.00. There was statistically significant association of level of awareness with level of adherence to practice of injection safety χ 2 = 30; p-value = 0.00. Conclusion:The level of awareness of injection safety practices among health workers was high but their adherence to the practice of care was not commensurate with the awareness. Therefore, other measures should be adopted to improve practice of safe injection administration among primary health care workers in the study area.
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