This community-based study was carried out to determine parental role on adolescents' sexual initiation practice in Ibadan, Nigeria. A random sample of 274 adolescents was selected from the community. Information on socio-demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors were collected using a structured close-ended self-administered questionnaire. A total of 40.5% of the adolescents in the sample were sexually experienced. Early exposure to sex education by mothers was found to encourage early sexual initiation ( p < 0.001). Significantly more adolescents (43.2%) who sought sexual information from their peers were sexually experienced compared with 25.2%, 14.4%, and 17.1% of those who sought information from parents, teachers, and other sources such as media, religious centers, etc., respectively ( p = 0.004). Mothers were more involved in sexuality communication with these adolescents than fathers (40.9% vs. 16.8%). The higher the level of education of the parents, the less likely the adolescents were sexually initiated ( p = 0.004). Furthermore, polygamous family background and loss of one or more parents were found to be associated with early sexual initiation practice ( p = 0.008 and 0.009, respectively). The study shows an increased sexual initiation with parental illiteracy, polygamy, and parental deaths among adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background and Objective: Motorcyclists are at high risk of road traffic accidents and the attendant injuries, but few community-based studies have investigated the problem in Nigeria. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the incidence of accidents and patterns of non-fatal injury among commercial motorcyclists in a rural community in Oyo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A total sample of all the commercial motorcyclists registered in the motor parks of Igbo-Ora, Oyo State was surveyed. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect information on the respondents' socio-demographic characteristics, occurrence of accidents in the year preceding the study, type of injury sustained, motorcycle riding experience, substance use and other characteristics. Results: Two hundred and ninety nine motorcyclists were interviewed, 136(45.3%) had been involved in a road traffic accident; of these 85 (62.5%) were involved in a single accident, while 51(37.5%) were involved in 2 or more accidents. Motorcycle accident risk factors included age of the motorcyclist, between 20-29 and 30-39 years, OR 10.1 and OR 9.6 respectively, alcohol use, OR 1.18, and visual impairment, OR 1.62. The collisions occurred mainly with cars (28.7%) and other motorcyclists (27.9%). The commonest types of injuries sustained were abrasions and cuts (67 .6%) and fractures of the upper and lower limbs (16.2%). Conclusion: Road traffic accidents occur frequently among commercial motorcyclists in this

Background: The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with mental illness in Oyo State at community level using the general health questionnaire as a screening tool.

This cross-sectional, community-based study was carried out among commercial motorcyclists in Igboora. All the commercial motor parks in Igboora were visited and all the commercial motorcyclists who consented to participate in the study were interviewed. Information on the respondents' socio-demographic characteristics, and the practice of road safety measures was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. A total of 299 motorcyclists were interviewed. All (100%) of them were males. The mean age of the respondents was 27.4 +/- 7.4 years. One hundred eighty-two (60.7%) of the motorcyclists had the correct knowledge of the purpose of Highway Code. Only 70 (23.3%) could recognize more than half of the currently used road safety codes and 47 (15.7%) obey these road safety codes more than half of the time they see it. Only 183 (61.2%) of them had a driving license and 72 (24.1%) were able to produce these licenses on demand. All (100%) of the respondents did not use any protective helmet. Those who have longer years of working experience, higher level of education and higher knowledge of the safety codes practice it more regularly (r = 0.198, p = 0.001, chi2= 9.31, p = 0.025, and r = 0.28, p = 0.001 respectively). One hundred thirty-six (45.5%) have been involved in at least one accident in the preceding year. The overall incidence of road traffic accident was 2.16 per 1,000. There was however on statistically significant association between the practice of road safety codes and the occurrence of road traffic accidents (chi2= 0.176, p = 0.916). The study shows that the practice of road safety measures was low in this rural Nigerian community and was not associated with the incidence of road traffic accidents. Introducing road safety education particularly targeted at educating the motorcyclists on the importance and practice of road safety measures would lead to an increase in the practice of the safety measures and hopefully a reduction in the incidence of road traffic accidents.

characteristics; Health workers; Primary health Background: The primary health care system care. in Nigeria has been impaired by lack of dedicated workers who are willing to work in the Paper accepted for publication 14th January rural areas .This study was carried out to 2005 examine factors that enhance job satisfaction among health workers in the primary health INTRODUCTION care system in Nigeria.The primary health care system in Nigeria Method: The study is a cross-sectional has been hampered by the lack of dedicated descriptive study conducted in May 2002. The personnel that will work in the rural areas. The respondents were selected from three local effect of this had been poor mortality and government areas in southwest Nigeria by morbidity indicators and poor health care in multistage sampling technique. A standardized general. This had made it difficult for the smooth structured pre-coded close-ended self-running of the health care system in Nigeria. administered questionnaire to collect relevant This was what led to the creation of all other information on their socio-demographic cadre of workers apart from the doctors and the characteristics and extent of job satisfaction of nurses in the Nigerian primary health care 1,2 respondents.system . Nigeria is undergoing a significant Result: A total of 125 health workers were crisis in the health sector, as a result of interviewed in all. The mean score on job incessant strikes. Workers in the health sector satisfaction was 26.15 out of the total possible who have not been getting involved in these score of 49. There was no statistically frequent protests are now joining other significant relationship in job satisfaction among government workers to demand for extrinsic the various cadres of health workers considered motivation in form of salaries, good working (p=0.824). A larger proportion (66.4%) of the environment etc. This has resulted into a health workers were involved with the change in the attitude of the health workers to community based preventive services when their job and had reduced the public respect for compared with the health centre based curative the health sector in general. It has been care 33.4% (p<0.05), there is however no advocated that the characteristics of job significant difference in satisfaction between enrichment will determine directly or indirectly this two groups of personnel (p=0.133). Age and the level of motivation to work thereby marital status were found to be statistically influencing job satisfaction and quality of 3 significant in relation to job satisfaction working life of the workers . (p=0.000 and 0.034 respectively).Two major approaches to job design that Conclusion: The study shows no significant has been identified to improve job performance. difference in job satisfaction among the various These are the job enrichment approaches that cadres of health workers in southwest Nigeria. attempt to make the jobs more interesting and However age and marital status were found to challenging thus improving job satisfact...