The persistent electricity supply problems in Nigeria are attributable to the inability of energy planners to accurately forecast the effect of the various socioeconomic and physical factors that influence the electricity consumption across the country. The major problem with the existing forecasts of electricity consumption is often assumed to be associated with poor identification of these socioeconomic and physical factors upon which they are based. The goal of this study is to empirically determine the various factors that affect the electricity consumption rate in Nigeria. The study covers an annual time series data from 1985 to 2005. Data for the study were collected through secondary sources. Multiple linear regression was used to test the research hypothesis. The result suggests that electricity consumption was significantly related to 6 of the 12 socioeconomic and physical factors of this consumption rate studied at 0.01 level (R2 = 0.992). These are degree of urbanisation, population density, number of manufacturing industry, number of households with electricity, employment rate and distance to nearest power generating station. These six variables are significantly in determining the electricity consumption in Nigeria. Policies based on the outcome of this study will produce positive and sound policy actions.
Poor electricity supply is a dismal feature of densely populated cities. Within especially developing countries (DCs), this situation prompts consideration for human intervention, such as the use of candles, lanterns and stand-by generators, all of which are major drivers of climate change by the emission of CO (Carbon II Oxide) into the atmosphere. Evidently, the adverse climatic effects such as flooding, hurricane and urban heat-have set-forth extant academic debates. Still, adaptation in densely populated cities within the DCs is surrounded by many uncertainties. This study answers the most fundamental question which is: how are people living in densely populated cities able to adapt to the climate risk induced by using alternative electricity sources? Grounded on the theory of resource-based view (RBV), the study integrates strategic planning techniques into climate risk adaptation, through a survey conducted around three most populated locations in Enugu metropolis of Nigeria. The results indicate a good knowledge of climate change within the area, although the level of public participation in urban development efforts and climate change adaptation remained poor. We argue that much improvement in awareness and compliance to climate risk adaptation will occur in the DCs if more people are involved in the strategic policy and planning process. This study thus reinforces the existence of climate risk in the area, enables increased public participation in policy formulation, simplifies the present complex process in the delivery of urban development goals, and supports achieving the goal of building a society resilient to climate risk.
In Enugu urban residential areas, most of the residential housing are occupied by varying categories of persons and they are done on rental basis. Arguably, the residents have different feelings concerning the extent of satisfaction derived from the housing quality. The tasks confronting policy makers and stakeholders are to identify as well as analyze the factors determining adequate and satisfactory housing that will serve as a guide for future housing design and development especially in rental houses. This study aimed at determining the various satisfaction determinants in the rental housing in the residential areas of Enugu Metropolis with a view to raising options for better housing delivery. The study was conducted using survey research method. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. Primary data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaires. A total of 200 copies of questionnaires were used for the analysis across nine residential neighbourhoods in Enugu urban. Stratified sampling technique and systematic sampling technique were used in the study. The statistical tool that that aided in revealing the determinants (factors) that influence residents' satisfaction with their rental housing in the study area was. The study identified and classified the factors that influence residents' satisfaction with their dwelling units into seven components which explained 75.01 percent of observed variation in public housing satisfaction variables.
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Targets 12.4 and 3.9 aim to reduce deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and to achieve environmentally friendly management of chemical and wastes. Electronic wastes, which contain hazardous chemicals, are rapidly generated in poor countries due to demand for affordable near-end-of-life internet-enabled gadgets that soon wear out and are improperly disposed due to ignorance, throw-away mentality and dearth of waste management infrastructure. This study identified hazardous chemicals contained in significant quantities in e-waste items, described their public health challenges and suggested mitigation measures. Results showed that mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), cadmium, lead and beryllium oxide were hazardous chemicals contained in significant quantities in e-waste items. The study recommended the formulation of appropriate environmental health education technology policy (AEHETP) to guide stakeholders to design education, preventive, therapeutic and decontamination plans for awareness creation and raising to address the toxic effects of e-waste items on users in poor countries.
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