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Abstract:In the present paper, we use analytical techniques to solve fractional nonlinear differential equations systems that arise in Bergman's minimal model, used to describe blood glucose and insulin metabolism, after intravenous tolerance testing. We also discuss the stability and uniqueness of the solution.

In the present paper, we use an efficient approach to solve fractional differential equation, oxygen diffusion problem which is used to describe oxygen absorption in human body. The oxygen diffusion problem is considered in new Caputo derivative of fractional order in this paper. Using an iterative approach, we derive the solutions of the modified system. c 2017 all rights reserved.

A mathematical model for HIV-1 infection with multiple delays is proposed. These delays account for (i) the delay in contact process between the uninfected cells virus, (ii) a latent period between the time target cells which are contacted by the virus particles and the time the virions enter the cells, and (iii) a virus production period for new virions to be produced within and released from the infected cells. For this model, the basic reproductive number is identified and its threshold property is discussed. The uninfected and infected steady states are shown to be locally as well as globally asymptotically stable. The value of the basic reproductive number shows that increasing any one of these delays will decrease this number. This may suggest a new direction for new drugs that can prolong the infection process and spreading of virus. The proved results have potential applications in HIV-1 therapy.

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The linear/nonlinear propagation characteristics of electron-acoustic (EA) solitons are examined in an electron-ion (EI) plasma that contains negative superthermal (dynamical) electrons as well as positively charged ions. By employing the magnetic hydrodynamic (MHD) equations and with the aid of the reductive perturbation technique, a Korteweg-de-Vries (KdV) equation is deduced. The latter admits soliton solution suffering from the superthermal electrons and the streaming flow. The utility of the modified double Laplace decomposition method (MDLDM) leads to approximate wave solutions associated with higher-order perturbation. By imposing finite perturbation on the stationary solution, and with the aid of MDLDM, we have deduced series solution for the electron-acoustic excitations. The latter admits instability and subsequent deformation of the wave profile and can’t be noticed in the KdV theory. Numerical analysis reveals that thermal correction due to superthermal electrons reduces the dimensionless phase speed $$(\bar{U}_{ph})$$ ( U ¯ ph ) for EA wave. Moreover, a random motion spread out the dynamical electron fluid and therefore, gives rise to $$\bar{U}_{ph}$$ U ¯ ph . A degree enhancement in temperature of superthermal (dynamical) electrons tappers of (increase) the wave steeping and the wave dispersion, enhancing (reducing) the pulse amplitude and the spatial extension of the EA solitons. Interestingly, the approximate wave solution suffers oscillation that grows in time. Our results are important for understanding the coherent EA excitation, associated with the streaming effect of electrons in the EI plasma being relevant to the earth’s magnetosphere, the ionosphere, the laboratory facilities, etc.

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We use the priori estimate method to prove the existence and uniqueness of a solution as well as its dependence on the given data of a singular time fractional mixed problem having a memory term. The considered fractional equation is associated with a nonlocal condition of integral type and a Neuman condition. Our results develop and show the efficiency and effectiveness of the energy inequalities method for the time fractional order differential equations with a nonlocal condition.KEYWORDS energy method, initial boundary value problem, nonlocal problem, time fractional order