International audienceTwo of the most notable trends in labour markets in Europe are the rise in the number of atypical job contracts (e.g. fixed-term contracts and temporary work) and the increase in job turnover. The concept of “employment vulnerability” can be used to describe these trends, which weaken the employer–employee relationship. In this article, the authors measure this employment vulnerability, for individual European countries, by creating two indices – an “employer-related vulnerability index” and a “job-related vulnerability index” – which are then aggregated to form an overall employment vulnerability index
Résumé Selon la loi, le chômage partiel ( cp ) est un dispositif qui permet aux établissements d’éviter les licenciements économiques en cas de difficultés passagères. Dans la littérature, on attribue au cp un double rôle de protection de l’emploi et de flexibilité. Cet article étudie l’impact de la mise en place de la réduction du temps de travail sur le recours au cp . Nous estimons des modèles de sélection en double différence sur un panel cylindré d’établissements français entre 1995 et 2005. Nous mettons en évidence une baisse du recours au cp suite à l’aménagement et à la réduction du temps de travail, les deux dispositifs étant associés à des instruments de flexibilité interne. En conséquence, la mise en place de la réduction du temps de travail recentrerait le cp sur sa fonction initiale de protection de l’emploi.
Short-Time Compensation and Establishment Exit:An Empirical Analysis with French Data *According to the French law, the short-time compensation (STC) program aims at avoiding redundancies during short-term downturns. Even if it does not shield establishments from redundancies (Calavrezo, Duhautois and Walkowiak, 2009a), STC can preserve an establishment's survival. This paper studies the relationship between STC and establishment exit over the period 2000-2005. We merge six data sets and we test the relationship between STC and establishment exit with propensity score matching techniques. Our results show that, on average, the year after establishments implement STC, they exit the market more intensely than establishments that do not use the program.
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