Batch adsorption experiments were performed to study the removal kinetics of phenol from aqueous solution using activated carbon derived from fluted pumpkin stem waste (FAC) and a commercial activated carbon (CAC). Optimum removal of 98.50% and 98.40% phenol was achieved at the equilibrium time of 60 mins for FAC and CAC respectively. The applicability of three kinetic models, the pseudo first, pseudo second order and Elovich models for the description of the experimental data was examined. The experimental data was most suitably analysed by the pseudo second order model with a high regression coefficients (R 2) value for phenol on FAC and CAC as 0.987 and 0.980 respectively. The correlation coefficients followed the order pseudo second order > Elovich kinetic model > pseudo-first order. Fluted pumpkin is the largest consumed vegetable in the West African sub region and therefore, creates one of the major agro waste problems in Nigeria. Preliminary investigations showed that several tons of these waste are produced daily in market places around the country but scarcely useful and therefore create environmental nuisance. The results obtained could be useful for the application of agricultural wastes for phenol removal from industrial wastewater.
Fluted pumpkin stem waste, which is both a waste and pollutant, was chemically modified with ortho-phosphoric acid and used to adsorb phenol and chlorophenol in fixed bed micro column It was found that the carbon bed sorption capacity for phenol and chlorophenol (77.20 and 80.0 mg/g) were higher than the equilibrium sorption studies. The critical bed depth increased with increasing phenol and chlorophenol concentrations. An increase in phenol and chlorophenol concentration from 100 to 200mg/l increased the rate constant, critical bed depth (Do) and bed sorption capacity, for phenol 77.20 to 160.00mg/g and chlorophenol 80.00 to 173.20mg/g. The breakthrough time, exhaustion time, uptake capacity decreased as the flow rate increased. Chlorophenol and phenol uptake capacity increased with increase in bed height. Experimental data for the change in concentration were correlated using the bed depth service time (BDST) model. In all parameters determined chlorophenol had better adsorption than phenol. Fluted pumpkin is the largest consumed vegetable in the West African sub region and therefore, creates one of the major agro waste problems in Nigeria. Preliminary investigations showed that several tons of these waste are produced daily in market places around the country but scarcely useful and therefore create environmental nuisance. The results obtained could be useful for the application of agricultural wastes for phenol and chlorophenol removal from industrial wastewater. @ JASEM
The removal of heavy metal ions Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ from aqueous solution using mango tree (Mangifera indica) saw dust as adsorbent under different experimental conditions was investigated. The effects of pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and initial metal ion concentrations for the removal of Cu 2+ and Pb 2+ ions from aqueous solutions were studied using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The results showed that increasing the amount of adsorbent led to an increase in the percent removal of lead and copper. The optimum pH obtained was pH 6 for copper and pH 8 for lead, with percentage removal of 99.9% Pb 2+ ions and 70.1% Cu 2+ ions. It was observed that Mangifera indica saw dust removed more of Pb 2+ than Cu 2+ ion in all the adsorption experiments.
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