In the current conditions of economic contraction caused by the complex epidemiological situation and measures aimed at minimizing the spread of coronavirus, it is necessary to create a solid foundation for the further economic recovery. At the government level it was decided to continue the implementation of national projects as significant tools for recovery national economy. Economic level influences on transport infrastructure in the short term, however, presence of mutual influence has not been statistically confirmed. It was revealed that transport investments reduce the accident rate on the Rostov Region’s roads. The revealed combination of tendencies of a simultaneous decrease in accident rate and the specific gravity of paved roads indirectly indicates a redistribution of traffic flows and investments into sections and directions with the highest load. Improving the road’s quality with the highest flows by reducing investments to maintenance of auxiliary roads allows reducing accident rate. Such relation also indirectly indicates the trend of investment redistribution from maintenance of secondary roads to the busiest districts carrying risks of accidents. It is important to emphasize that coordinated policy for managing infrastructure projects will be determining factor in obtaining returns on invested financial resources, as measured by the positive dynamics of growth of socio-economic indicators.
Infrastructure provides stimulus to the national and region economy. This paper develops theoretical and practical framework for estimating the economic effects generated from infrastructure. Its three types are considered: roadway, railway, and telecommunications. The hypothesis is that the infrastructure has a positive impact on regional economic development and there are spatial external effects. Estimation showed that road and telecommunications have a positive impact on economic development for Russia, and their external effects also appear. The contribution of railways to increasing labor productivity was insignificant for western and eastern regions. At the same time, the mobile communications per capita is a significant factor for western and eastern regions. The results indicate the necessity to adjust the strategy aimed at implementation of large-scale interregional infrastructure projects.
Аннотация. Реализация инвестиционных проектов, направленных на развитие инфраструктуры, является важным механизмом, стимулирующим рост экономики. Однако, вопрос значимости расширения и развития транспортной инфраструктуры в стимулировании экономического роста является дискуссионным. При построении оценочных моделей необходимо принимать во внимание специфику рассматриваемых территорий, объем доступных статистических данных, временной горизонт исследования (краткосрочный, среднесрочный, долгосрочный). Исследование значимости влияния транспортной инфраструктуры на экономическое развитие регионов требует учета различных факторов и сложных взаимосвязей между ними в рамках региональной социально-экономической системы, применения методов системного анализа и инструментов экономико-математического моделирования. Исследование инфраструктурных ограничений экономического роста регионов усиливается в связи с высоким износом действующей инфраструктуры, а также в связи с необходимостью создания новых инфраструктурных объектов, способных стать мощным толчком к развитию охватываемых ими регионов. Реализация инфраструктурных проектов призвана в полной мере удовлетворять потребности предприятий и населения в перевозках, стимулировать увеличение внутреннего валового продукта (и валового регионального продукта, в частности), поддерживать обороноспособность государства.
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