In this paper the commonality of the destruction and materials cutting processes is substantiated. The use of preliminary mechanical and thermal effects on polymer composite materials is justified on the base on the provisions of the materials fracture kinetic concept. The ranges of the parameters values for thermal and mechanical effects on polymer composite materials are scientifically sound. Experimental studies of the polymeric materials deformation and fracture processes under uniaxial tension were carried out in order to select rational values of the preliminary mechanical stresses. It has been experimentally proved that the most weakened structure of the material is retained for 5-20 minutes for fluoroplastic and caprolon after preliminary loading. And the rest time between the deformation steps for thermosets such as getinaks and textolite does not affect the formation and change in the material strength.
Results are provided for a study of the surface layer quality of turned polymer materials. A new combined turning method is developed with which polymer material is previously subjected to a deformation mechanism (compression or tension). Geometric indices are determined for surface layer quality of an object made of fluoroplastic-4 in relation to the version of billet turning. The experimental deviations from roundness and cylindricity obtained are provided for objects machined with standard and combined cutting regimes.Currently components made of polymer materials are used in many machines and mechanisms of different branches of industry. In order to provide dimensional accuracy and high quality for the surface layer of a component made of these materials there is use of machining by cutting, and predominantly by turning.The surface layer condition for a component made of polymer material after machining is evaluated by the physicomechanical properties of these materials [1,2], and also geometric characteristics of the machined surface. The main geometric characteristics of the surface of a turned component are roughness of shape accuracy.An increase in roughness and the indices of surface shape deviation for a component from roundness, cylindricity, and rectilinearity arises during machining normally due to a high level of vibrations of the engineering lathe-attachment-tool-component system, unevenness and deformation of the machined material, nonuniformity of machining tolerances. In moving joints, these deviations lead to a reduction in strength and wear resistance of components as a result of an increase in pressure on surface projections, to disruption of smoothness and accuracy of travel, and to an increase in the level of vibration of assemblies and mechanisms. In immobile joints, surface shape deviation causes a reduction in corrosion resistance and also nonuniformity of interference or gaps, as a result of which there is a reduction in joint strength, centering precision and sealing is disturbed.Turning of polymer materials on the basis of traditional engineering solutions does not in all cases provide the required level of geometric characteristics for a machined surface, since the properties of these materials differ markedly from those of traditional structural materials (steel, cast iron, other alloys).By considering machining of components with a cutting tool as a variety of the process of controlled breaking of a solid polymer material, and relying on the assumption of thermal fluctuation theory of breaking, a new combined method has
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