We study the possibility of testing experimentally signatures of P-odd effects related with the vorticity of the medium. The Chiral Vortaic Effect is generalized to the case of conserved charges different from the electric one. In the case of baryonic charge and chemical potential such effect should manifest itself in neutron asymmetries at the NICA accelerator complex measured by the MPD detector. The required accuracy may be achieved in a few months of accelerator running. We also discuss polarization of the hyperons and P-odd correlations of particle momenta (handedness) as probes of vorticity.We dedicate this paper to the memory of Academician Alexei Norairovich Sissakian
The aim of the present Topical Issue is to identify the challenges and the discovery potential of heavy-ion collision experiments as those being prepared at the accelerator complex NICA, which will provide the highest baryon densities ever created in terrestrial laboratories. Concerted efforts are required to understand the matter that constitutes the interiors of neutron stars and governs spectacular astrophysical phenomena like supernova explosions and neutron star mergers, which are the most plausible sites for the production of heavy elements in nature. In order to support the construction or modification of heavy-ion collider facilities for experimental studies of QCD phase transformations at high baryon densities, D. Blaschke, A. Sorin and V. Toneev opened in 2009 the "NICA White Paper" forum (http://theor0.jinr.ru/twiki-cgi/view/NICA/WebHome) devoted to developments for the specific opportunities presented by NICA, with a particular focus on the following topics:-phases of dense QCD matter and their possible realization; -characteristic processes as indicators of phase transformations; -estimates for events and event rates; -comparison to other experiments; -interdisciplinary aspects, e.g. astrophysical constraints for dense matter phases.We especially wish to acknowledge the invaluable encouragement and support of A. Sorin thoughout the various stages of the White Paper leading up to this Topical Issue.The present edition of this Topical Issue comprises 56 contributions, partly selected and updated from the online White Paper, and partly new contributions fulfilling the condition to address observables to be measured at NICA. Moreover, the introductory section contains five additional contributions describing: 1) the three stages of the contruction of the NICA accelerator complex, 2) the multi-purpose detector (MPD) of the collider experiment, 3) the fixed target experiment for studies of baryonic matter at the nuclotron (BM@N), 4) simulation software for the NICA experiments and 5) the spin physics experiments at NICA-SPD with polarized proton and deuteron beams. Therefore, this Topical Issue shall represent a repository for basic parameters and informations about the NICA facility presently under construction and it shall contribute to shaping its physics programme.We thank the members of the Program Advisory Committee for Particle Physics at the JINR Dubna for stimulating the development of the NICA White Paper, in particular H. Gutbrod and I. Tserruya. Furthermore, special thanks are due to V. Kekelidze, D. Kharzeev, V. Matveev, A. Sorin, H. Stöcker and Nu Xu. Finally, we wish to dedicate this Topical Issue to the memory of A.N. Sissakian who initiated the establishment of NICA.
We present a new event generator based on the three-fluid hydrodynamics approach for the early stage of the collision, followed by a particlization at the hydrodynamic decoupling surface to join to a microscopic transport model, UrQMD, to account for hadronic final state interactions. We present first results for nuclear collisions of the FAIR/NICA energy scan program (Au+Au collisions, √ sNN = 4 − 11 GeV). We address the directed flow of protons and pions as well as the proton rapidity distribution for two model EoS, one with a first order phase transition the other with a crossover type softening at high densities. The new simulation program has the unique feature that it can describe a hadron-to-quark matter transition which proceeds in the baryon stopping regime that is not accessible to previous simulation programs designed for higher energies.
The new data on the elastic pp and single pion production reaction pp → pnπ + taken at the incident proton momentum 1683 MeV/c are presented. The data on the pp → pnπ + reaction are compared with predictions from the OPE model. To extract contributions of the leading partial waves the single pion production data are analyzed in the framework of the event-by-event maximum likelihood method together with the data measured earlier. PACS. 13.75.Cs Nucleon-nucleon interactions-13.85.Lg Total cross sections-25.40.Ep Inelastic proton scattering
In a recent publication [1] the importance of measuaring light clusters at future NICA and FAIR experiments as "rare probes" for in-medium characteristics was presented. Within theoretical conciderations is shown how clusters would be affected by medium affects as given collider energies. PACS numbers: 25.75.-q Relativistic heavy-ion collisions 21.65.-f Nuclear Matter 21.60.Gx Cluster models 05.30.-d Quantum statistical mechanicsTo decide on characteristics of the matter produced in energetic nuclear collisions a variety of probes is needed that provide different perspectives. One class of such probes are nuclear clusters. Here we discuss the insights that the clusters can provide within the NICA program, both within fixed target and collider setups, at BM@N and MPD, respectively.To provide a general background we show in Fig. 1 a phase diagram of dense nuclear matter including lines for Mott dissociation of deuterons (d), tritons (t) and alpha particles (α), taken from [2], see also [3], together with the parametrization of the chemical freeze-out line [4] from statistical model fits of hadron production in heavy-ion collisions. Several laboratory energies from the energy range accessible at the NICA accelerator complex are shown as labeled dots on that line.For the sake of generating the illustration, the hadronic phase is described by a DD2 equation of state [5] with a liquid-gas phase transition (blue line with critical endpoint), extended by adding components of the hadron resonance gas, in particular pions and kaons. The quark-gluon matter phase for the figure is described by a PNJL model exhibiting a first * Presented at Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement 2016, Wroc law (1) arXiv:1711.05631v1 [nucl-th]
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