In this paper, a general model in environmental engineering that relates alum concentration, pH and other chemical treatment factors to the efficiency of chemical treatment techniques was obtained from the literature as a way to evaluate the performance of selected methods of solving simultaneous equations in environmental engineering. Data on textile wastewater treatment (synthetic and typical) were obtained and utilized. Coefficients of model equations were determined using Matrix, Least Square, Gaussian elimination and Microsoft Excel Solver. These final model equations with the determined coefficients were used to compute the performance of the treatment processes and evaluated using standard statistical methods (Total error, mean error, root error, absolute, Model of Selection Criterion (MSC) Model of Selection Criterion (MSC) and mean error). The study revealed that coefficients were between -0.003 for pH to 1.034 for the ratio of coagulant to the concentration of the phosphate. It was revealed that there are significant differences between the coefficients at a 95% confidence level (F15, 45. = 27.761; p = 8.39 x 10 -18, which is less than 0.05). The tables also revealed that there was no significant difference between the methods at a 95% confidence level (F3, 45. = 1.746; p = 0.171, which is greater than 0.05). It was concluded that the order of accuracy of these methods is MES method greater than (>) Matrix > Least square > elimination based on MSC and errors. There is a need to utilize and evaluate other related Excel functions.
Information and adequate data on the intensity–duration–frequency of rainfall are regular requirements to reduce and correct variations in hydrologic, environmental and hydraulic applications, which are vital elements in Civil and Environmental engineering works. This paper focuses on the utilization of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) as a numerical tool for the development of accurate Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (RIDF) equations for Makurdi, Nigeria as a follow-up to our previous studies. Rainfall intensities from Makurdi were used to establish empirically derived constants (C, m, n, and a) for three different Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency equations. These equations were evaluated statistically (Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), total error, model of’ selection criterion (MSC), Coefficient of Determination (CD), Correlation coefficient (R) and Akaike Information Criterion (A IC), with the main objective of utilizing SPSS in the selection of the best equation for the location. The study revealed that C” ranges from 281.456 to 5160.64, “m” was between 0.446 and 0.577, “n” was in the form of -1.142 to 10.8887 and the value of “a” was between 14.486 and 52.793. The CD and R values for models A, B and C were 0.816, 0.854 and 0.8159, 0.903, 0.924 and 0.903 respectively. It was concluded that SPSS can be used as a numerical tool in the design of storm drains.
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