It has been reported that transplantation tolerance can be achieved in rodents by using anti-idiotypic antibodies or autoimmunization with mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC)-generated T blasts (Andersson et al., 1977). Both methods lead to the specific elimination of T cell clones bearing receptors for alloimmune determinants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of anti-idiotypic autoimmunization in inbred rat strains.Inbred male rats were used : Brown-Norway (BN) (RT1&dquo;), Lewis (lew) Heterotopic cardiac grafts were carried out intrabdominally according to the usual microsurgical method. When ventricular contractions were no longer present, the graft was considered as rejected.The survival of semi-allogeneic heart grafted into untreated lew was 9.3 ± 1.6 days in a group of 25 control animals. Heart prolongation in lew sensitized IV once with 10 7 blasts without Freund's adjuvant was not different from that of the controls. On the other hand, it was necessary to use three consecutive IP injections of 1 x 10 7 blasts each plus Freund's adjuvant in order to obtain evidence of anti-idiotypic antibodies and/or of specific unresponsiveness in MLC against the relevant stimulatory strain. These lew rats, apparently unresponsive to lew x BN, were heart-transplated. None of the 16 in vitro tolerant rats showed different survival from that of the controls. All autoimmunized rats were tested for allogeneic recognition with MLC assay and for anti-idiotypic antibodies in a MLC-blocking assay. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), obtained by bleeding from the orbital venous plexus, were tested 5 and 21 days aftet the last IP injection in parallel with normal control lymphocytes. In a group of 33 rats autoimmunized IP three times with 1 x 10 7 blasts at 2-week intervals only 10 evidenced a loss of lymphocyte reactivity in MLC. This unresponsiveness was chiefly observed 3 weeks after the last booster before transplantation. These rats gave a proliferative response 20 % lower than the normal lew response. Spleen cells from autoimmunized rats were also tested for the generation of cytotoxic T cells in a 5-day MLC against lew x BN spleen cells of lew x DA spleen cells. Five rats in the group of 10 unresponsive ones in MLC were tested for their ability to generate CTL. None of the 5 rats generated CTL against lew x BN spleen cells, whereas they did against the irrelevant lew x DA strain.These experiments show that specific unresponsiveness in MLC and in CML could be obtained after anti-idiotypic autoimmunization with MLC-generated blasts in rats. But heart
Over the past two decades, several research groups have focused on the functioning of microRNAs (miRNAs), because many of them function as positive or negative endogenous regulators of processes that alter during the development of cancer. Prostate cancer is the second most commonly occurring cancer in men. New biomarkers are needed to support the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Although it is necessary to deepen the research on this molecule to explore its potential utility in the diagnosis, follow-up, and prognosis of cancer, our results support a role of miR-107 in the signaling cascades that allow cancer progression, and as shown here, in the progression of Prostate Cancer (PCa). These findings strongly suggest that miR-107 may be a potential circulating biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.
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