The results of studying mercury pollution of ecosystem in the zone affected by anthropogenic placer gold deposits are given. A major hazard to the environment and human health results from minerals processing wastes polluted with mercury and dumped in the placer gold-concentrating sites (PGCS) near mining villages, which have transformed into unequipped authorized landfills. The recent tendency to their reclamation should favor extensive mercury pollution. Actions have been proposed to ensure environmental safety of mineral processing wastes and reclamation of anthropogenic placer gold deposits.
The paper considers some ecological problems of the gold-mining enterprise in Amurskaya Oblast’. The investigations have revealed the technogenic pollution of the soil-grounds, air basin, and vegetation under the action of the processing wastes. High concentrations of heavy metals were found in the soils and vegetation in the zone of influence of the plant processing heavy concentrates at a distance of 100 and more meters. They are 2 to 90 times higher than the background values practically in all directions from the technogenic object. High TM concentrations were found also in the soils of building zone. Using the innovation approach we have elaborated the measures for decreasing the pollution negative effect on the habitat. We propose a new way of reclamation of the lands disturbed by the wastes of the mineral raw material processing with the use of the mixed bark-compost of the forest industry wastes.
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