Goal. To study the influence of the structure of the bee family nest and the age of the bee queen on the flight-collecting activity of bees during the preparation of protein feed. Methods. Laboratory, zootechnical (strength of the bee family) and statistical (mathematical processing). Results. The position on the relationship between the entry of pollination into the bee family and the different age of the brood and the age of the bee queen is substantiated. The age of the bee queen, open brood and indicators of bee pollination activity are directly related: the younger the bee queen and the greater the number of open brood, the higher the harvesting activity, the more bee pollen is collected. Conclusions. Increased collection of bee pollen is provided by the use of queen bees in bee colonies for no more than two bee-keeping seasons. Timely change of queen bees, as well as building and maintaining the strength of bee colonies are the main zootechnical measures to maintain optimal life of bees and get the maximum amount of products from them. Bee queens should not be changed or replaced during honey collection or harvesting. It is better to replace the queen bees before the main honey harvest so that the bee colony already has a fertile bee queen before it starts. Taking into account the dynamics of the use of bees in the harvesting bee pollen, the replacement of queen bees should be carried out only in view of the reserves of protein feed (perga) in the nests of bee colonies and specific terrain with plants that provide bees with pollen.
The leading cause of mortality in Ukraine are cardiac and vascular diseases. Hypercholesteremia is an important risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A high preventive efficacy of statins for correction of hypercholesteremia and reduction of the risk of CVD has been proven by a great number of meta-analyzes. The purpose of our research is analysis of the consumption dynamics of the statins group drugs (C 10 A) in Ukraine during 2008-2012. To determine the volume of drug consumption the ATC/DDD-methodology and the data of the reference retrieval system "Medicines" of Morion company for 2008-2012 have been used. Based on the analysis of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market of statins it has been shown that currently all 7 statins INN, which are available in the world, have been registered in the country; they are presented as a whole by 186 drugs, both of foreign and domestic manufacture. Thus, there is a real opportunity to use drugs of the group of statins in clinical practice. It has been determined that by the volume of consumption in DDDs/1000/ day index as of the beginning of 2013 statins are in the following order: atorvastatin (4.89) > simvastatin (1.92) > rozuvastin (0.25) > lovastatin (0.10) > fluvastatin (0.0023) > pravastatin (0.00012). Over the past five years the total volume of consumption of statins in Ukraine increased by more than twice. The comparison of the volume of the total consumption of statins and the incidence rates of CVD among the population has shown that only 0.12 million (0.26% of the Ukrainian population) take daily one DDD of one of statin drugs. Taking into account the fact that the prophylactic administration of statins should be done daily throughout the life the use of these drugs in Ukraine are now to be regarded as very low and does not correspond to the morbidity level of cardiovascular diseases.
Goal. To determine the effectiveness of carbohydrate-protein feeding, namely: the impact of protein feed (bee pollination) on the development of bee colonies and physiological parameters of bees in the period of its absence or low level of receipt. Methods. Laboratory -to determine the mass of larvae and bees, zootechnical -to account for the growth and strength of the bee family, statistical -for biometric processing of experimental data. Biometric data processing was performed on a PC using MS Excel software. Results. The influence of the use of carbohydrate and protein fertilization on the spring growth of bee colonies and their preparation for the effective use of the honey collection is studied. The expediency of using carbohydrateprotein feeding for the bee colonies to improve the physiological parameters of bees is shown. Conclusions. Carbohydrate protein feeding in the spring significantly affects the growth of bee colonies, allowing them to build strong families before the honey harvest. Carbohydrate-protein feeding of bees in early spring promotes the production of larger larvae, which, in turn, contributes to the production of high-grade bees. The proposed method of feeding bee colonies in the spring in the form of a paste (candy), which includes: powdered sugar, liquid honey, bee pollen, water, is a simple and effective one and can be recommended to increase the number of bees in the spring in preparation for honey harvest. The use of carbohydrate-protein feeding helps to increase the honey productivity of bee colonies and increase the intensity of egg-laying of queen bees. However, carbohydrate-protein feeding makes sense only before the start of the main honey harvest, i.e. in the conditions when there is a lack of bee pollen in the nest.
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