The field induced magnetic phase transitions of Cs 2 CuBr 4 were investigated by means of magnetization process and neutron scattering experiments. This system undergoes magnetic phase transition at Neél temperature T N = 1.4 K at zero field, and exhibits the magnetization plateau at approximately one third of the saturation magnetization for the field directions H b and H c. In the present study, additional symptom of the two-third magnetization plateau was found in the field derivative of the magnetization process. The magnetic structure was found to be incommensurate with the ordering vector Q = (0, 0.575, 0) at zero field. With increasing magnetic field parallel to the c-axis, the ordering vector increases continuously and is locked at Q = (0, 0.662, 0) in the plateau field range 13.1 T < H < 14.4 T. This indicates that the collinear up-up-down spin structure is stabilized by quantum fluctuation at the magnetization plateau. a c b Figure 2. Antiferromagnetic interactions J 1 and J 2 within the bc-plane. The open circles denote Cu 2+ -ions.
Cs2CuBr4 is an S = 1/2 quasi-two-dimensional frustrated antiferromagnet with a distorted triangular lattice parallel to the bc-plane. Cs2CuBr4 undergoes magnetic ordering at TN = 1.4 K at zero magnetic field. In the ordered phase below TN, spins lie in a plane that is almost parallel to the bc-plane and form a helical incommensurate structure with ordering vector Õ 0 = (0, 0.575, 0). The incommensurate spin structure arises from the spin frustration on the distorted triangular lattice. The magnetization curve has a plateau at approximately one-third of the saturation magnetization for magnetic field H parallel to the b-and c-axes, while no plateau is observed for H a. The ordering vector Õ 0 increases with increasing magnetic field parallel to the c-axis, and is locked at Õ 0 (0, 2/3, 0) in the plateau region, which indicates that the up-up-down spin structure is realized in the plateau state. The magnetization plateau should be attributed to quantum fluctuation. For H b and H c, the second anomaly suggestive of tiny plateau is observed at roughly two-third of the saturation magnetization. The magnetic field versus temperature diagram is presented. Small amount of Cl − substitution for Br − produces drastic suppression of TN. With increasing Cl − concentration x, the magnetic ordering disappears at x 0.17. It is also observed that in Cs2Cu(Br1−xClx)4 phase transition smears with increasing external field and disappears, irrespective of field direction. This should be attributed to the random field effect.KEYWORDS: Cs2CuBr4, Cs2CuCl4, Cs2Cu(Br1−xClx)4, spin frustration, triangular antiferromagnet, quantum fluctuation, helical magnetic ordering, magnetization plateaus, disorder, random field effect IntroductionTriangular antiferromagnets (TAF) have been of great interest from the viewpoint of the interplay of spin frustration and quantum fluctuation. In most of conventional antiferromagnets, which are described by two-sublattice model, the ground state is determined by the classical energy, and the quantum fluctuation gives only small correction to the ground state energy. On the other hand, in Heisenberg TAF, spins form the 120• structure in the ground state due to the spin frustration. However, in a magnetic field, spin structure of the ground state cannot be uniquely determined by the classical energy only, and thus, the ground state has continuous degeneracy in the magnetic field. No phase transition occurs up to saturation, so that the magnetization curve is monotonic. For quantum Heisenberg TAF with small spin S, the quantum fluctuation plays an important role in determining the ground state, because the quantum fluctuation can remove the continuous degeneracy of the classical ground state. The quantum fluctuation in TAF was discussed using the spin wave theory, which describes the spin system
The field induced magnetic phase transitions of Cs2CuBr4 were investigated by means of magnetization process and neutron scattering experiments. Cs2CuBr4 should be characterized as S = 1/2 two-dimensional triangular antiferromagnet. Below the ordering temperature TN = 1.4 K, the spin structure is the helical incommensurate structure almost within the triangular lattice plane. In the field direction within the triangular lattice plane, Cs2CuBr4 exhibits the magnetization plateaux at one-third and two-thirds of the saturation magnetization. The spin structure in the one-third plateau phase is found to be almost collinear up-up-down structure which should be stabilized by quantum fluctuation as predicted by the theoretical studies. §1. Introduction Triangular antiferromagnets (TAF) have been of great interest from the viewpoint of the interplay of spin frustration and quantum fluctuation. 1)-3) In classical Heisenberg TAF, the ground state has continuous degeneracy even in the magnetic field due to the spin frustration. For this case, there is no phase transition occurs up to saturation, so that the magnetization curve is monotonic. For quantum Heisenberg TAF with small spin S, the quantum fluctuation plays an important role in determining the ground state, because the quantum fluctuation can remove the continuous degeneracy of the classical ground state. The quantum fluctuation in TAF * )
UCo 2 Si 2 is an antiferromagnet below T N = 82.4 K. The magnetic ordering is accompanied by the pronounced anomalies of resistivity, which are very different for the current direction along the a-and c-axis. Evolution of the T N -related resistivity features with increasing hydrostatic pressure up to 7.3 GPa was studied in order to reveal the pressure effects on magnetism in UCo 2 Si 2 . The T N value is found to decrease with increasing pressure; the critical pressure of collapse of ordered magnetism is estimated as 7.8. GPa.KEYWORDS: uranium compounds, specific heat, resistivity under hydrostatic pressure IntroductionUCo 2 Si 2 crystallizes in the orthorhombic ThCr 2 Si 2 -type crystal structure. A neutron powder diffraction experiment revealed that the compound is antiferromagnetic (AF) at temperatures below T N = 85 K. The magnetic moment was observed only at the U atom and amounts to 1.42(5) B at 4.2 K. The collinear magnetic structure is built of ferromagnetic basal-plane layers of U magnetic moments (aligned along the c-axis) with the + + stacking along the c-axis [1]. The so far reported magnetic data were obtained only on polycrystals and the results were rather contradictory [1,2]. This motivated us to grow a single crystal by Czochralski method and characterize it by measuring the specific heat (C), magnetization (M), and electrical resistivity ( ) with respect to temperature and magnetic field applied along the a-and c-axis. The T N -related features on the (T) curve were used to monitor the hydrostatic pressure effect on the U 5f-electron magnetism.
Cs2CuBr4 and Ba3NiSb2O9 are magnetically described as quasi-two-dimensional triangular-lattice antiferromagnets with spin-1 2 and 1, respectively. We show that both systems exhibit a magnetization plateau at one-third of the saturation magnetization Ms due to the interplay of spin frustration and quantum fluctuation. In Cs2CuBr4 that has a spatially anisotropic triangular lattice, successive magnetic-field induced quantum phase transitions including a magnetization plateau 2 3 Ms were observed. For Ba3NiSb2O9, we performed exact diagonalization for rhombic spin clusters with up to 21-sites to analyze the magnetization process. The calculated results are in agreement with experimental observations.
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