Pandemics such as the SARS-cov-2 are known to cause psychosocial distress posing threats to mental health especially among South-west residents who have been disproportionately hit by the virus in Nigeria Aims: To assess the level of psychosocial distress among selected adult residents in South-west Nigeria and determine the strategies adopted by them to cope. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional design was used to sample 393 adults from the region. The DASS-21 scale and Brief-COPE questionnaires were used to assess levels of psychosocial distress and coping respectively. Place and Duration of Study: Southwest Nigeria, between May 2020 and June 2020. Methodology: Participants were recruited using Snowballing sampling technique. Data were collected using an online self-administered questionnaire. Information retrieved were coded and entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0). Descriptive statistics of mean, frequency, and percentages were used to summarize data and Chi-square analysis was used to test the hypotheses with an Alpha level set at P =0.05. Results: Pathologic scores for all three psychosocial distress indicators measured in this study were recorded in 8.1% of the participants. The three leading sources of psychological distress identified included; the general uncertainty associated with the pandemic, lack of confidence in the government's ability to handle the situation, and the fear of robbery attacks that were rampant in the region during the period of lockdown. Most of the participants coped by adopting the use of humor (62.8%) and religion (53.9%). State of residence was found to influence coping strategy and there was a relationship between sex and use of religion in coping at p= 0.01. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic was a significant stressor in the study. Improved strategies to combat the spread of the virus to help accelerate lifting of the lockdown will be beneficial to the coping capacities of the residents.
Recruitment from India I appreciate the efforts of Gupta & Gupta (Psychiatric Bulletin, March 2006, 30, 81-84) in highlighting some of the difficulties faced by consultant psychiatrists recruited from India but think that the article could have been complemented by data from a survey of the 84 consultants recruited. The differences in the working environment in the UK, especially multidisciplinary teamworking and corresponding power differentials, could prove difficult for consultants accustomed to ways of working in India. Apart from mentoring and induction training to tackle these issues at trust level, there is a role for the College Continuing Professional Development Committee to devise specific programmes to address these concerns.
BackgroundClinical guidelines recommend providing physical activity interventions (PAIs) to people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder for weight management. However, the cost-effectiveness of PAIs is unknown.AimsTo evaluate the availability and methodological quality of economic evaluations of PAIs for people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder.MethodFour databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo and Scopus) were searched on 5 July 2022. Based on the retrieved studies, forward and backward citation searches were conducted. Two reviewers independently selected studies for inclusion. Study quality was assessed using the Drummond checklist. Review results were presented using narrative synthesis.ResultsFourteen articles reporting nine studies were included. All included studies assessed PAIs within a multicomponent lifestyle intervention. Mixed findings were reported on the cost-effectiveness of multicomponent lifestyle intervention: three studies reported it as cost-effective; four studies reported it as not cost-effective; and two studies did not conclude whether it was cost-effective or not. Very limited evidence suggests that certain patient subgroups might be more likely to benefit from multicomponent lifestyle interventions with a PAI component: men; individuals with comorbid type 2 diabetes; and individuals who have been psychiatric hospital in-patients for ≥1 year. The quality of included studies ranged from moderate to high.ConclusionsThe current economic evidence suggests that not all modalities of multicomponent lifestyle intervention including a PAI component are cost-effective for people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder; and not all people with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder would benefit equally from the intervention. Future research is urgently needed to identify the cost-effective modality of PAI for different patient subgroups.
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